The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated the adoption of online learning methods worldwide, including in Malaysia. The Ministry of Education (MoE) in Malaysia has recognized the importance of online learning due to the implementation of Movement Control Order (MCO). However, the limitations of online learning, such as reduced interaction between…

In recent years, when computational thinking (CT) has become increasingly important, utilizing machine learning (ML) techniques provides a revolutionary method for comprehending and improving cognitive skills for young students. However, few studies deepen the process of learning ML and CT. This exploratory study aims to investigate the impact of…

This study explored the impact of "Argumentation-driven inquiry" (ADI) on primary school students' argumentation performance in a blended synchronous learning environment (BSLE). A total of 159 fifth-grade primary school students (79 from an urban school and 80 from a rural school) participated in this quasi-experimental study. Students…

Purpose: This study aims to explore how network visualization provides opportunities for learners to explore data literacy concepts using locally and personally relevant data. Design/methodology/approach: The researchers designed six locally relevant network visualization activities to support students' data reasoning practices toward…

This study was conducted to optimize the designs of learning guides embedded in a computer-based simulation environment. The research was based on the Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning and Cognitive Load Theory. We investigated computer simulations under four conditions that combined representation and imagination learning strategies. This…

This analysis dissects a piece of information into its parts and determines how they interact in constructing a concept. This study focuses on enhancing the analytical thinking skills of grade 6 students in science and technology courses by implementing inquiry-based learning management. The aim is to meet the minimum requirement of 70 percent and…

This study examined the effect of gamification on visual programming and computational thinking skills among primary school students, aiming to investigate how gamified learning environments enhance cognitive skill development and conceptual integration compared to traditional teaching methods. A quasi-experimental design was employed, involving…

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of the Directed Listening-Thinking Activity (DLTA) strategy on improving listening comprehension skills among fifth-grade female students in Jordan. Method: This study employed a quasi-experimental design. To achieve its objectives, a 30-item listening comprehension test was constructed. The…

Background: Being able to think independently is a must for students to construct new knowledge in their minds. Self-explaining is a constructive learning strategy that encourages students to think for themselves and to make inferences that go beyond the given information. The Self-explain--Discuss--Re-explain (SDR) strategy adapted from…

Since young learners have different characteristics than adults, EFL teachers for young learners should treat them differently and possess sufficient metacognitive to promote critical thinking skills. This paper aims to portray teacher's metacognitive knowledge in EFL young learners' classroom particularly in promoting their critical thinking…

Game-based learning, which includes non-digital and digital games, highlights the benefits of games in terms of players' learning and engagement. Whereas contemporary research focuses more on digital than non-digital game-based learning, more studies shall compare the effects between the two types of game-based learning and their integration. This…

This study investigated the effects of 3D model building activities with block codes on students' spatial thinking and computational thinking skills. The study group consists of 5th grade students in a secondary school in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. For the study, a pretestposttest control group was utilized within the experimental…

The quality of products from the causal mapping process and the effect of factors related to causal map quality are unlikely to be the same for students at different educational levels. However, there is a lack of studies that provide insights into causal maps constructed by primary school students to reveal appropriate strategies. This study…

Background/purpose: This study examines whether Universal Design for Learning (UDL), based on the VARK model, can aid struggling students in mathematics in developing their statistical thinking skills. Additionally, the proposed study examines the relationship between learning preferences and the effect of these preferences on performance.…

Teaching with primary sources provides educators with opportunities to expose students to authentic analysis, critical thinking, and perspective taking. When students are exposed to primary sources in the classroom, they can examine the point of view of the source, what information they can gain from the source, what information is missing, and…