The present study used a Solomon four-group quasi-experimental design to examine the short-term effect of a large-scale national financial education program on children's knowledge and skills in responsible spending and performing transactions effectively. Our study included a representative sample of Dutch pupils in the fifth grade of primary school (N = 2,650). Controlling for different children-specific characteristics, results showed that the program increased pupils' knowledge and skills scores in performing transactions effectively, but not in responsible spending. The insights gained from the present study show how financial education programs that enable children to immediately apply what they learn in practice can improve children's knowledge and skills regarding certain financial competencies.