Spatial ability was defined by Lohman (1996) as the ability to create, maintain, retrieve, and change visual pictures. Linn and Peterson (1985) distinguished among spatial perception, mental rotation, and spatial visualization. Spatial perception is the determination of spatial connections with respect to the orientation of the learners' body;…

Background: It is a challenging task to teach students who get diagnosed with a specific learning difficulty. Given that they can easily get distracted, they need more support than students without any disability. Accordingly, the use of any instructional technology that could attract their attention might have a positive impact on their learning…

To understand the longitudinal effect of a technology-enhanced learning (TEL) environment with reflective guidance on sixth-grade students' learning in a photosynthesis unit in Shanghai, we designed a quasi-experimental longitudinal study with a pre-test and three post-tests, complemented by an examination of students' log data. Our findings show…

Background/purpose: This study aims to evaluate the effect of the application of the PjBL learning model assisted by AR on students' critical thinking skills. The focus of this study is on sixth-grade students with solar system material, designed to explore how the integration of AR technology in PjBL can improve student engagement, conceptual…

Mathematical creativity is considered beneficial for learning mathematics. However, research studies that provide empirical evidence of students' mathematical creativity in regular mathematics classrooms are relatively scarce. This study explores the idea of mini-creativity (mini-c), which is defined as the creative processes involved in the…

Background and Context: Learners struggle with conceptual understanding of introductory programming concepts such as variables, expressions, and loops. Objective: We examine whether and how designed activities for conceptual exploration support preliminary engagement with and learning of foundational and often hard-to-grasp programming concepts…

The purpose of the current study is to design and develop an Arduino-assisted robotic and coding activity in compliance with the 5E learning model for middle school students to construct knowledge and realize learning in science teaching. The study was conducted on 6th grade students attending a private middle school in Turkey in the second term…

Background: It is stated that it is necessary that students develop their nanoliteracy in order to come up with everyday issues arising from Nanoscale Science and Technology (NST) applications, taking informed decisions and estimating the potential risks and benefits. Even though the inclusion of NST in compulsory education is supported by many…

Given that students are constantly communicating and documenting special experiences in their social and private lives with digital devices, we suggest that this behavior could be used to record and deepen learning experiences-such as visualizing reactions at the molecular level-in a chemistry class. An example would be the creation of stop-motion…

Digital instructional tools, such as virtual manipulatives, have been widely adopted as an enhanced approach to inquiry-based learning. However, the optimal ratio of mobile devices to students in instructional settings remain controversial. This research introduced a counterbalanced quasi-experiment to compare the learning performance and…

The goals for engaging students in peer learning range from positioning students as knowledgeable others to promoting social-emotional learning goals to providing contexts in which students can articulate and compare their thinking to supporting opportunities to cogenerate solutions to complex problems. There are a number of complexities…

The virtual-representational-abstract (VRA) instructional sequence presents as a viable mathematics intervention for students with disabilities, including students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Yet, to date, all research has been conducted face-to-face with students. However, virtual manipulatives provide an opportunity for educators to…

Augmented reality (AR) can represent a contextualised scientific inquiry environment in which students may explore the real world and develop science process skills via interacting with rich information from virtual systems. However, it remains a challenge for most students to complete scientific inquiry tasks without proper support. Research…

Storytelling and drama are well-known teaching tools that can be used throughout the curriculum for the active participation of students in their own learning process. The introduction of robots in storytelling and drama activities provides students with a meaningful, multisensory, hands-on learning experience. This paper explores the potential…

Despite significant research exploring students' quantitative reasoning, few studies have explored the semiotic processes that mediate its development. In this report, we present a case study to show how one student constructed a semiotic chain for a quantity as he worked with a mathematical task. Importantly, we connect frameworks for…