This study was designed to predict middle school sixth graders' group membership in band (n = 81), chorus (n = 45), and as non-participants in music performance ensembles (n = 127), as determined by gender and factors on the Attraction Toward School Performance Ensemble (ATSPE) scale (alpha = 0.88). Students completed the ATSPE as elementary fifth graders and were classified by group after enrolling into middle school. Six factors on the ATPSE and gender were programmed as predictors in a direct discriminant function analysis. Results show that gender (0.898), parental support (0.715), and a negative relationship concerning future ambitions in school music (-0.633) were the only significant predictors of membership in band and in the group classified as non-participants in music performance ensembles. Findings suggest that the stronger parental support is toward school music, the greater a prediction can be made of middle school sixth graders' school performance ensemble participation.