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Sung, Pei-Ju; Lin, Su-Wei; Hung, Pi-Hsia – Universal Journal of Educational Research, 2015
Task difficulty is a critical issue affecting test developers. Controlling or balancing the item difficulty of an assessment improves its validity and discrimination. Test developers construct tests from the cognitive perspective, by making the test constructing process more scientific and efficient; thus, the scores obtained more precisely…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Listening, Listening Comprehension, Listening Comprehension Tests
Shaftel, Julia; Belton-Kocher, Evelyn; Glasnapp, Douglas; Poggio, John – Educational Assessment, 2006
The impact of language characteristics in mathematics test items on student performance was evaluated for students with disabilities (SWD) and English language learners (ELL) as well as a large general student sample. Relationships were examined for test items and students at 4th, 7th, and 10th grades. The individual test item was the unit of…
Descriptors: Test Items, Mathematics Tests, English (Second Language), Disabilities

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