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Tan Zhang – Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 2024
Derived from the Expectancy-Value Theory (EVT) model, cost has drawn scholarly interest for being predicative of avoidance motivation. The study is an effort to develop and validate an instrument to measure students' perceived costs in physical education. Through literature review and student interviews, a draft of 39 items under seven domains was…
Descriptors: Psychometrics, Test Validity, Test Construction, Student Motivation
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Gao, Zan; Liu, Yuanlong; Lodewyk, Ken; Zhang, Tao; Kosma, Maria – Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 2011
The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of outcome likelihood, outcome value, and outcome expectancy using data collected from students in secondary school physical education classes. Dependent measures were examined for construct, concurrent, and predictive validity, as well as internal and temporal reliability. The…
Descriptors: Evidence, Physical Education, Student Attitudes, Predictive Validity