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Cui, Ying; Guo, Qi; Leighton, Jacqueline P.; Chu, Man-Wai – International Journal of Testing, 2020
This study explores the use of the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), a neuro-fuzzy approach, to analyze the log data of technology-based assessments to extract relevant features of student problem-solving processes, and develop and refine a set of fuzzy logic rules that could be used to interpret student performance. The log data that…
Descriptors: Inferences, Artificial Intelligence, Data Analysis, Computer Assisted Testing
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Van Zalk, Nejra; Kerr, Margaret – Merrill-Palmer Quarterly: Journal of Developmental Psychology, 2011
Two kinds of parental behaviors--psychological control and emotional warmth--have been linked with children's shy behaviors. The questions we addressed are whether this applies to adolescent shyness, and whether shyness in itself might also affect perceptions of parental behaviors. The participants were 916 seventh to ninth graders in a…
Descriptors: Shyness, Parent Child Relationship, Adolescents, Grade 9
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National Center for Education Statistics, 2009
This report presents results of the 2009 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) in mathematics at grades 4 and 8. The results from the 2009 assessment presented in this report are compared to those from previous years, showing how students' performance in mathematics has progressed over time. Results for students in the nation, the 50…
Descriptors: Student Participation, Academic Achievement, Second Language Learning, National Competency Tests