This study explores factors that may be related to Mississippi's 2015 eighth-grade reading scores, which rank the state in 50th place (Nation's Report Card, 2016). Whereas there are likely several factors that contribute to middle-school students' poor performance on the high-stakes tests, this study examines teachers' reported knowledge and use…

The Alabama State Department of Education (ALSDE) was grappling with several issues including: (1) A respectable rate of growth in student achievement for both fourth- and eighth-grade math in the state of Alabama, as measured by the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), but below the national average; and (2) A growing concern about…