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Cascella, Clelia; Giberti, Chiara; Bolondi, Giorgio – Education Sciences, 2021
This study is aimed at exploring how different formulations of the same mathematical item may influence students' answers, and whether or not boys and girls are equally affected by differences in presentation. An experimental design was employed: the same stem-items (i.e., items with the same mathematical content and question intent) were…
Descriptors: Mathematics Achievement, Mathematics Tests, Achievement Tests, Scores
Braithwaite, David W.; Siegler, Robert S. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
Fraction arithmetic is among the most important and difficult topics children encounter in elementary and middle school mathematics. Braithwaite, Pyke, and Siegler (2017) hypothesized that difficulties learning fraction arithmetic often reflect reliance on associative knowledge--rather than understanding of mathematical concepts and procedures--to…
Descriptors: Addition, Arithmetic, Correlation, Foreign Countries
Braithwaite, David W.; Siegler, Robert S. – Grantee Submission, 2018
Fraction arithmetic is among the most important and difficult topics children encounter in elementary and middle school mathematics. Braithwaite, Pyke, and Siegler (2017) hypothesized that difficulties learning fraction arithmetic often reflect reliance on associative knowledge--rather than understanding of mathematical concepts and procedures--to…
Descriptors: Correlation, Fractions, Arithmetic, Mathematics Instruction
Davis, Brent – Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School, 2015
For centuries, the basic operations of school mathematics have been identified as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Notably, these operations are "basic," not because they are foundational to mathematics knowledge, but because they were vital to a newly industrialized and market-driven economy several hundred years…
Descriptors: Grade 8, Units of Study, Teaching Methods, Fundamental Concepts
Robinson, Katherine M.; Dube, Adam K. – Cognitive Development, 2009
Children's understanding of the inversion concept in multiplication and division problems (i.e., that on problems of the form "d multiplied by e/e" no calculations are required) was investigated. Children in Grades 6, 7, and 8 completed an inversion problem-solving task, an assessment of procedures task, and a factual knowledge task of simple…
Descriptors: Problem Solving, Knowledge Level, Early Adolescents, Preadolescents
Common Core State Standards Initiative, 2011
For over a decade, research studies of mathematics education in high-performing countries have pointed to the conclusion that the mathematics curriculum in the United States must become substantially more focused and coherent in order to improve mathematics achievement in this country. To deliver on the promise of common standards, the standards…
Descriptors: Mathematics Curriculum, Mathematics Education, State Standards, Mathematics Achievement
Quinn, Robert J.; Lamberg, Teruni D.; Perrin, John R. – Clearing House: A Journal of Educational Strategies, Issues and Ideas, 2008
Dividing by zero can be confusing for students at all levels. If teachers are to provide clear and understandable explanations of this topic, they must possess a strong conceptual understanding of it themselves. In this article, the authors present qualitative data on fourth- through eighth-grade teachers' perceptions of division by zero. They…
Descriptors: Concept Formation, Mathematics Instruction, Mathematics Teachers, Mathematical Concepts