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Long, Haiying; Pang, Weiguo – Educational Research and Evaluation, 2016
This study examines direct and indirect effects of family socioeconomic status (SES) and parental expectations on adolescents' mathematics and problem-solving achievement in mainland China. SES here is composed of family wealth, home educational resources, and parental education. Over 5,000 ninth-grade students in 5 geographical districts of China…
Descriptors: Socioeconomic Status, Parent Aspiration, Grade 9, Parent Background
Mateju, Petr; Smith, Michael L. – British Journal of Sociology of Education, 2015
This article examines gender gaps in academic performance (grades in mathematics and reading) between boys and girls of ninth-grade elementary schools in the Czech Republic. Our analysis is based on 2003 data from the Programme for International Student Assessment, encompassing the academic performance and family background of ninth-grade pupils.…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Gender Differences, Grade 9, Elementary School Students