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Direct linkZehner, Fabian; Goldhammer, Frank; Lubaway, Emily; Sälzer, Christine – Education Inquiry, 2019
In 2015, the "Programme for International Student Assessment" (PISA) introduced multiple changes in its study design, the most extensive being the transition from paper- to computer-based assessment. We investigated the differences between German students' text responses to eight reading items from the paper-based study in 2012 to text…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Achievement Tests, International Assessment, Secondary School Students
Schroeder, Sascha – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2011
This study investigated the reading behavior of 15-year-old students while reading texts and answering corresponding multiple-choice questions. The availability of the texts during question answering was manipulated experimentally. Allocation of resources to several cognitive processes at the word, sentence, and text level was measured by…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Reading Comprehension, Verbal Ability, Time
