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Direct linkClose, Sean; Oldham, Elizabeth; Shiel, Gerry; Dooley, Therese; O'Leary, Michael – Journal of Educational Research, 2012
Three calculator tests were administered to a national sample of 1,469 Irish students in Grade 9--the last cohort to study mathematics without calculators (Phase 1). Three years later, the same tests were administered to a similar sample with calculators (Phase 2). Scores on a test of calculator-inappropriate items showed no significant change…
Descriptors: Mathematics Achievement, Student Attitudes, Calculators, Grade 9
Flores, Edna Horton – ProQuest LLC, 2009
The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) asserts that a goal of mathematics education, in Prekindergarten through grade 12, is to develop mathematical power for "all" students, and that educational equity is the nucleus of this goal. Nevertheless, researchers have found that equity for all students in mathematics education has not…
Descriptors: Secondary School Mathematics, Mathematics Instruction, Equal Education, Graphing Calculators
