In the 21st century, developing communication and technology usage has increased people's interest and need for English and made English a common language in many fields such as science, culture, art, and economy. In this context, important changes have been made in English curricula in Turkey like many countries. In this study, the curricula…

This research explored the structure of primary, elementary, secondary, and tertiary levels of education and assessment in the academia of Pakistan. The fundamental purpose of the study was to contextualize the assessment system from primary to higher institutions and an examination of recent changes by the educational authorities. It began with a…

Notwithstanding the introduction of education multilingual policies worldwide, testing and assessment procedures still rely almost exclusively on the monolingual construct. This paper describes a study, part of a larger project fostering a new multilingual education policy in Israeli schools, exploring bi/multilingual assessment. It included two…

In the era of globalization, the trend towards learning Chinese as a foreign language (CFL) has become increasingly popular worldwide. The increasing demand in learning CFL has raised the profile of the Chinese proficiency test (CPT). This study will analyze in depth the inadequacy of current CPT's utilizing the common European framework of…