We present an empirical study on the use of keystroke analytics to capture and understand how writers manage their time and make inferences on how they allocate their cognitive resources during essay writing. The results suggest three distinct longitudinal patterns of writing process that describe how writers approach an essay task in a writing…

To succeed in STEM, students need to connect visual representations to domain-relevant concepts, which is a difficult task for them. Prior research shows that physical representations (that students manipulate with their hands) and virtual representations (that they manipulate on a computer) have complementary advantages for conceptual learning.…