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Showing 1 to 15 of 40 results Save | Export
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Caitlin R. Bowman; Dagmar Zeithamova – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2023
A major question for the study of learning and memory is how to tailor learning experiences to promote knowledge that generalizes to new situations. In two experiments, we used category learning as a representative domain to test two factors thought to influence the acquisition of conceptual knowledge: the number of training examples (set size)…
Descriptors: Classification, Learning Processes, Generalization, Recognition (Psychology)
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Nosofsky, Robert M.; Meagher, Brian J.; Kumar, Parhesh – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
A classic issue in the cognitive psychology of human category learning has involved the contrast between exemplar and prototype models. However, experimental tests to distinguish the models have relied almost solely on use of artificially-constructed categories composed of simplified stimuli. Here we contrast the predictions from the models in a…
Descriptors: Cognitive Psychology, Natural Sciences, Experimental Psychology, Prediction
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Zia Tajeddin; Ali Malmir – Language Teaching Research Quarterly, 2024
Learners' acquisition of pragmatic competence in additional languages has received mounting attention since the 1990s. However, although studies on general learning strategies have proliferated since Oxford's (1990) influential inventory was published, studies on pragmatic-specific learning strategies contributing to the acquisition of this…
Descriptors: Pragmatics, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Learning Strategies
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Yu-Chin, Chiu – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2023
Recent context-control learning studies have shown that switch costs are reduced in a particular context predicting a high probability of switching as compared to another context predicting a low probability of switching. These context-specific switch probability effects suggest that control of task sets, through experience, can become associated…
Descriptors: Learning Processes, Prior Learning, Task Analysis, Cognitive Ability
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Stephens, Rachel G.; Kalish, Michael L. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
Delayed feedback during categorization training has been hypothesized to differentially affect 2 systems that underlie learning for rule-based (RB) or information-integration (II) structures. We tested an alternative possibility: that II learning requires more precise item representations than RB learning, and so is harmed more by a delay interval…
Descriptors: Classification, Memory, Feedback (Response), Learning
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Gill, Kelli R.; Akkad, Ruba H. – Across the Disciplines, 2021
Social media campaigns such as #BlackLivesMatter have demonstrated Twitter as a powerful tool for anti-racist social activism. This article traces one local hashtag, #BeingMinorityatTCU, which has resurged on the TCU campus in the wake of a university lawsuit. Drawing from Critical Race Theory (Delgado, 1989; Martinez, 2014; Yosso, 2013),…
Descriptors: Memory, United States History, Social Media, Classification
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Carvalho, Paulo F.; Goldstone, Robert L. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
The sequence of study influences how we learn. Previous research has identified different sequences as potentially beneficial for learning in different contexts and with different materials. Here we investigate the mechanisms involved in inductive category learning that give rise to these sequencing effects. Across 3 experiments we show evidence…
Descriptors: Classification, Sequential Approach, Learning, Cognitive Processes
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Ovid, Dax; Rice, Mallory M.; Luna, Joshua Vargas; Tabayoyong, Karen; Lajevardi, Parinaz; Tanner, Kimberly D. – CBE - Life Sciences Education, 2021
Instructor Talk--the noncontent language used by an instructor during class time--is likely to influence learning environments in science classrooms from the student perspective. Despite Instructor Talk being found in every science course thus far, investigations into student perceptions and memories of it are limited. We investigated to what…
Descriptors: Teacher Student Relationship, Language Usage, Classroom Communication, Science Instruction
Khaleel Mohammad Abdul-Ghafa, Abdul-Qader; Alrefaee, Yasser – Online Submission, 2019
This study investigated the relationship between language learning strategies and achievement among Yemeni EFL university students. It also identified the differences between high and low achievers in using language learning strategies. Seventy students were randomly selected from the fourth level on the basis of their university scores as high…
Descriptors: Correlation, Learning Strategies, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
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McDaniel, Mark A.; Cahill, Michael J.; Bugg, Julie M. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
How does orthographic distinctiveness affect recall of structured (categorized) word lists? On one theory, enhanced item-specific information (e.g., more distinct encoding) in concert with robust relational information (e.g., categorical information) optimally supports free recall. This predicts that for categorically structured lists,…
Descriptors: Experimental Psychology, Recall (Psychology), Word Lists, Cognitive Processes
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Tu, Hsiao-Wei; Diana, Rachel A. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
In recognition memory, "recollection" is defined as retrieval of the context associated with an event, whereas "familiarity" is defined as retrieval based on item strength alone. Recent studies have shown that conventional recollection-based tasks, in which context details are manipulated for source memory assessment at test,…
Descriptors: Experimental Psychology, Memory, Recall (Psychology), Cognitive Processes
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Hunt, R. Reed; Smith, Rebekah E.; Toth, Jeffrey P. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
The experiments reported here were designed to replicate and extend McCabe, Roediger, and Karpicke's (2011) finding that retrieval in category cued recall involves both controlled and automatic processes. The extension entailed identifying whether distinctive encoding affected 1 or both of these 2 processes. The first experiment successfully…
Descriptors: Cues, Recall (Psychology), Memory, Experimental Psychology
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Deng, Wei; Sloutsky, Vladimir M. – Developmental Psychology, 2015
Does category representation change in the course of development? And if so, how and why? The current study attempted to answer these questions by examining category learning and category representation. In Experiment 1, 4-year-olds, 6-year-olds, and adults were trained with either a classification task or an inference task and their…
Descriptors: Classification, Young Children, Adults, Age Differences
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Soro, Jerônimo C.; Ferreira, Mário B.; Semin, Gün R.; Mata, André; Carneiro, Paula – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
Three experiments were designed to test whether experimentally created ad hoc associative networks evoke false memories. We used the DRM (Deese, Roediger, McDermott) paradigm with lists of ad hoc categories composed of exemplars aggregated toward specific goals (e.g., going for a picnic) that do not share any consistent set of features. Experiment…
Descriptors: Experiments, Memory, Association (Psychology), Word Recognition
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Holden, Mark P.; Newcombe, Nora S.; Shipley, Thomas F. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2015
Memories for spatial locations often show systematic errors toward the central value of the surrounding region. The Category Adjustment (CA) model suggests that this bias is due to a Bayesian combination of categorical and metric information, which offers an optimal solution under conditions of uncertainty (Huttenlocher, Hedges, & Duncan,…
Descriptors: Spatial Ability, Memory, Models, Task Analysis
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