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Winsler, Adam; Gupta Karkhanis, Deepti; Kim, Yoon Kyong; Levitt, Jerome – Urban Review: Issues and Ideas in Public Education, 2013
Although it is well established that Black male students are underrepresented in gifted educational programs in the United States, due to a scarcity of longitudinal prospective research, little is known about the protective factors at the child, family, and school level that increase the probability of Black male students being identified as…
Descriptors: African American Students, Males, Disproportionate Representation, Academically Gifted
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Martiniello, Maria – Educational Assessment, 2009
This article examines nonmathematical linguistic complexity as a source of differential item functioning (DIF) in math word problems for English language learners (ELLs). Specifically, this study investigates the relationship between item measures of linguistic complexity, nonlinguistic forms of representation and DIF measures based on item…
Descriptors: Mathematics Tests, Grade 4, Test Bias, Word Problems (Mathematics)