This study used the RBC+C model to reveal the abstractions of the 6th-grade students in the process of transition to the parallelogram area formula. Also, constructing parallelogram area information was employed as a teaching experiment based on the basic interpretive approach, one of the qualitative research methods. The study participants…

This study explored how students develop meaning of functions by building on their understanding of expressions and equations. A teaching experiment using design research was conducted in a sixth-grade classroom. The data was analyzed using a grounded theory approach to provide explanations about why events occurred within this teaching episode…

We present a logistic function of a monotonic polynomial with a lower asymptote, allowing additional flexibility beyond the three-parameter logistic model. We develop a maximum marginal likelihood based approach to estimate the item parameters. The new item response model is demonstrated on math assessment data from a state, and a computationally…