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Liqun Yin; Ummugul Bezirhan; Matthias von Davier – International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 2025
This paper introduces an approach that uses latent class analysis to identify cut scores (LCA-CS) and categorize respondents based on context scales derived from largescale assessments like PIRLS, TIMSS, and NAEP. Context scales use Likert scale items to measure latent constructs of interest and classify respondents into meaningful ordered…
Descriptors: Multivariate Analysis, Cutting Scores, Achievement Tests, Foreign Countries
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Ramsay, Crystal M.; Sperling, Rayne A. – Journal of Educational Research, 2015
In 2 experiments the authors investigated whether assigning a perspective to middle school students prior to reading a long informational text would improve their reading comprehension. Pretest-posttest control group designs were employed in both experiments, in Experiment 1 (n = 146 fifth- and sixth-grade students) and in Experiment 2 (n = 83…
Descriptors: Middle School Students, Pretests Posttests, Control Groups, Experimental Groups
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Zhang, Tan; Chen, Ang; Chen, Senlin; Hong, Deockki; Loflin, Jerry; Ennis, Catherine – European Physical Education Review, 2014
In physical education, it has become necessary for children to learn kinesiological knowledge for understanding the benefits of physical activity and developing a physically active lifestyle. This study was conducted to determine the extent to which cognitive assignments about healthful living and fitness contributed to knowledge growth on…
Descriptors: Physical Education, Exercise Physiology, Motor Development, Physical Activities