Life in the twenty-first century requires education to integrate knowledge, attitudes, skills, and mastery of information and communication technology (ICT). An example of the skills needed in the twenty-first century is computational thinking. This study aims to develop computational thinking-skill tasks on numbers and arithmetic based on the…

Research Purpose and Contribution: The study aimed to construct an evaluation framework for assessing pupils' computational thinking (CT) during classroom learning problem solving. As a self-report evaluation scale for pupils, this evaluation framework further enriched the CT assessment instruments for pupils and provided a specialized instrument…

This study aimed to develop an analytical rubric for teachers to observe and evaluate students' performance in showcasing the cooperative problem-solving process. Thus, a rubric was prepared. Angles to evaluate the student performance were included and a quad rank scale was used in the rubric. Dimensions used in the rubric were based on the PISA…

This study was carried out to develop a test to assess algorithmic thinking skills. To this end, the twelve steps suggested by Downing (2006) were adopted. Throughout the test development, 24 middle school sixth-grade students and eight experts in different areas took part as needed in the tasks on the project. The test was given to 252 students…

A multiple regression analysis was conducted to investigate what variables may predict the student's self-perceived proficiency in mathematics. Hence, this quantitative cross-sectional survey design aimed to explore the factors predicting the student's self-perceived proficiency in mathematics using gamified instruction. Two hundred twenty-five…

The main objective of this research was to develop and validate the quality of an assessment tool for evaluating the mathematical reading, analytical thinking, and mathematical writing skills of fourth-grade students. We randomly selected 222 fourth grade students across multiple schools of varying sizes to take the assessment. Multidimensional…

This study assessed the effectiveness of an online-merge-offline Jamboard application as an innovation in teaching word problems to Grade 4 learners was evaluated in this study. The research evaluates a learner's level of mathematical word problem skills in terms of understanding, devising a plan, solving a problem, and interpreting, as well as…

In classroom learning, students need mathematical cognitive flexibility to be able to solve mathematical problems with the various ideas they express. To solve the problems, they must be able to grasp the problem, see it from various points of view, and should not be rigid thinking with one solving method. In fact, the students still lack the…

The purpose of this study is to explore elementary educators' perceptions regarding what it means to conceptually understand mathematics, the emphasis teachers place on utilizing evidence-based teaching processes, as identified as effective by National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM), and how these perceptions influence their…

Instruction geared toward priming the underlying problem structures was suggested as an evidence-based practice for students with a learning disability. Schema-based instruction is one intervention aligned with this principle. We extended prior work by: (1) using a teacher as the implementer; (2) providing teacher flexibility in intervention…

Conflict resolution is the process where parties come together and exert efforts for a solution with the aim of ending an existing conflict. In the current study, the aim was to test the reliability and validity of the revised version of the Conflict Resolution Behavior Determination Scale (CRBDS) designed to determine the conflict resolution…

Inquiry-based instruction is a student-centered approach to teaching that focuses on active learning (Barron and Darling-Hammond 2008) in which students engage with "tasks that promote reasoning and problem solving" (NCTM 2014). Specifically, such tasks encourage a variety of solution strategies and stimulate use of the NCTM Process…

This article highlights the main ideas that underlie the differences in potential pragmatic knowledge constructs students experience when solving problems, between the zone of proximal development (ZPD) and the zone of potential construction (ZPC). This qualitative research is based on a phenomenological approach to finding the meaning of things…

The objective of the present study is to develop a measurement tool to assess 21st Century learning and innovation skills of primary school students. Study data was collected from 632 fourth grade students in five different primary schools during 2014-2015 academic year and data obtained from 609 fourth grade students were utilized in the study.…

This article describes the development of a problem-solving instrument intended for classroom use that addresses the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics. In this study, 137 students completed the assessment, and their responses were analyzed. Evidence for validity was collected and examined using the current standards for educational and…