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Virtanen, Jorma – European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 2010
In the 1920s the question of kindergartens was actively discussed in Finnish teachers' journals. The concern was with social and educational demands that kindergartens and lower elementary schools should be combined in the public educational system. Elisabeth Alander (1859-1940), the grand pioneer of the Finnish kindergarten pedagogy, opposed the…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Kindergarten, Educational Policy, Sociology
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Yesil Dagli, Ummuhan – Education Policy Analysis Archives, 2012
In recent years, schools have tended to eliminate recess period and to devote more time to instruction in order to increase academic achievement. Using a nationally representative sample, this study examined reading scores of students who experienced different numbers of recess days in a week, and different number of times and length of recess in…
Descriptors: Reading Achievement, Academic Achievement, Early Childhood Education, Public Schools