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Direct linkSullivan, Patrick – Mathematics Teacher: Learning and Teaching PK-12, 2022
Probabilistic reasoning underpins much of middle school students' future work in data analysis and inferential statistics. Unfortunately for many middle school students, probabilistic reasoning is not intuitive. One specific area in which students seem to struggle is determining the probability of compound events (Moritz and Watson 2000). Research…
Descriptors: Mathematics Instruction, Thinking Skills, Middle School Students, Data Analysis
Michaelides, Michalis P.; Haertel, Edward H. – Applied Measurement in Education, 2014
The standard error of equating quantifies the variability in the estimation of an equating function. Because common items for deriving equated scores are treated as fixed, the only source of variability typically considered arises from the estimation of common-item parameters from responses of samples of examinees. Use of alternative, equally…
Descriptors: Equated Scores, Test Items, Sampling, Statistical Inference
