This study investigates the prevalence, physical complaints, and impacts of heavy backpack use among junior high school students, with a focus on understanding how the weight and design of backpacks affect students' physical well-being and academic efficiency. The study was underpinned by the ergonomic theory. Using a descriptive survey design,…

As adult office workers' use of computers has increased, the incidence of computer-related musculoskeletal complaints and injuries has also increased. Although the use of computers in the classroom is increasing, little attention has been paid by educators, furniture manufacturers, or researchers to the ergonomic design issues of educational…