This study introduces an evaluation benchmark for middle school algebra to be used in artificial intelligence (AI) based educational platforms. The goal is to support the design of AI systems that can enhance learners' conceptual understanding of algebra by taking into account learners' current level of algebra comprehension. The dataset comprises…

Spatial ability is frequently encountered in professional disciplines and daily life. In general, it includes abilities such as rotating objects, estimating the appearance of objects based on a person's position, and being able to think of open and closed forms of three-dimensional objects. It is essential in learning and teaching geometry. In…

This essay extends beyond the characteristics and discourse of word problems to, more generally, school mathematical problem-solving and the implications entailed by a predominant paper-and-pencil mode of learning and instruction since the modern era of education. Contrasting what I call "one-handed" (with paper-and-pencil) with…

In their daily work teachers are responsible for several complex tasks; might AI be harnessed to support teachers in the challenging work of planning lessons? In this paper we investigate the use of an AI tool, namely ChatGPT, to generate a lesson plan that may be of use to teachers in their planning. A carefully worded prompt, informed by…

Prior work has established that cognitive and perceptual processes influence students' attention to notational structures in mathematical expressions, which in turn affects their problem-solving approaches and performance. Advances in educational technology provide opportunities to further investigate these processes, improve student learning, and…

Circle and disc are fundamental concepts introduced in middle school, forming the basis for many other mathematical ideas. Students often face challenges in comprehending circles, discs, and their basic elements. This research examines the processes of sixth-grade students in constructing circles, discs, and their essential components within a…

Background: The proliferation of computer-based learning platforms (CBLPs) has caused an increased focus on understanding how to build scalable systems that optimize learning. Thus, CBLPs often rely on close response questions (e.g., multiple choice questions, "select all that apply," "arrange in the correct order," etc.) for…

Effective personalization of education requires knowing how each student will perform under certain conditions, given their specific characteristics. Thus, the demand for interpretable and precise estimation of heterogeneous treatment effects is ever-present. This paper outlines a new approach to this problem based on the Leave-One-Out Potential…

With the support of digital learning platforms, synchronous and collaborative learning has become a prominent learning paradigm in mathematics education. Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) has emerged as a valuable tool for enhancing mathematical discourse, problem solving, and ultimately learning outcomes. This paper presents an…

Recently, automatic question generation (AQG) has been researched extensively for educational purposes. Existing approaches generally lack relevant information on the authentic context and problem diversity with various difficulty levels, so we proposed a new AQG system for generating contextualized and personalized mathematic word problems (MWP)…

Math performance continues to be an important focus for improvement. The most recent National Report Card in the U.S. suggested student math scores declined in the past two years possibly due to COVID-19 pandemic and related school closures. We report on the implementation of a math homework program that leverages AI-based one-to-one technology,…

This exploratory study reports on the implementation of a novel web-based multilingual learning platform. This tool allows content to be delivered in different languages simultaneously, including languages of the students. In addition, it creates access to content knowledge aligned to the local curriculum, and in doing so, responds to an emerging…

Mastery learning -- the process by which students must demonstrate proficiency with a single topic before moving on -- is well recognized as one of the best ways to learn, yet many teachers struggle or remain unsure about how to implement it into a classroom setting. This study leverages two field experiments to test the efficacy of a program…

Fraction is considered one of the main topics in mathematics in the early years. Many students struggle to progress in fractions in the classrooms and on exams. Teaching strategies are among the most important factors affecting student learning of fractions. The objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of virtual and concrete…

This study explores the strengths and weaknesses of using educational technology in inclusive settings with limited available resources, in Cyprus. A primary school teacher and her students participated in a series of classroom-based computer-mediated collaborative learning sessions. Students worked in groups and solved a number of mathematical…