In this study, it was aimed to investigate the change in the conceptual understanding of "artificial intelligence". For this purpose, the determination of the metaphors related to the concept of artificial intelligence in the stages before and after watching the artificial intelligence-themed computer-aided animation developed within the…

Introduction: Student engagement with learning activities is considered in educational research as a primary facilitator of academic achievement and student learning. Teachers play a major role in student engagement with learning activities. The use of metaphors is a way to promote this engagement, especially when students are struggling in…

Bullying behavior has problematic psychosocial ramifications for the bully, victim, and those who are both a bully and a victim. The Bully Prevention Challenge Course Curriculum utilizes a challenge ropes course to address bully behaviors in seventh-grade middle school classes. The program incorporates the use of challenge activities framed with…

In this qualitative study of a girls only technology program, the authors argue that an emphasis of self-expression through the use of technology limited middle school girls' developing technological fluency. The authors show how the metaphor of "technology as a paintbrush" was evident in (1) the organization of the physical environment…

There is an assumption that pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) is observable and measurable. Yet, in many studies referencing PCK, the construct of PCK remains both undefined operationally and poorly described. In physical education, although one study has measured teachers' PCK using teachers' weak and strong units of instruction (Ayvazo, 2007),…