Although artificial intelligence (AI) tools (e.g., ChatGPT) have potential to act as a transformative educational tool, the widespread adoption of such technology also brings forth concerns related to academic integrity and learning gaps. This study examines whether class discussions on the negative aspects of AI-driven writing assistance have any…

The present study investigated how Cantonese speakers learning English as a second language (L2) would comprehend English irony and whether their L2 proficiency and use would moderate their irony processing. Thirty Cantonese speakers with differing English proficiency (intermediate vs advanced) were asked to complete an irony comprehension task in…

Strategic text processing was investigated for English as a foreign language learners who processed and recalled a text when they read for expression, for image, and for critique. The results indicated that, although the amount of content recall (i.e., products of comprehension) was similar, the relative contributions of second language (L2)…