The purpose of this review of literature was to investigate the unique issues facing female band directors at the high school and college levels. A search of 5 different databases was conducted, and 39 studies met the inclusion criteria for this study. Results of this review of literature are presented according to the following themes: (1)…

The percentage of female faculty members who have achieved tenure is disproportionately represented against their male peers. Even more so, female faculty members who are also mothers, or mother-scholars, represent less than half of tenured female faculty. Current research posits that a lack of female faculty in higher education translates to a…

Even as Canadian universities suggest their gender issues have largely been resolved, many women in academia tell a different story. Systemic discrimination, the underrepresentation of women in more senior and lucrative roles, and the belief that gender-related concerns will simply self-correct with greater representation at the lower rungs of the…

The under-representation of women in male-dominated STEM fields is a worldwide concern. However, there are other academic fields, like some non-STEM degrees, where female students are over-represented. Previous research has identified five critical factors influencing student participation rates: career choice, satisfaction, self-esteem,…

Gendered field-of-study choice is a lively topic of discussion. The explanation usually given for the fact that women are still an exception in typically 'male' fields--particularly STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics)--employs domain-specific stereotypes regarding men's and women's 'natural' abilities in different fields. The…

This research study sought to examine the experiences of women university presidents. Despite the universal call for the diversification of higher education leadership, women are significantly underrepresented in the seat of the university presidency as higher rank university leadership positions are overwhelmingly occupied by white males. By…

Far too often, Black women like the author, and so many others from groups that have been historically marginalized in STEM, are made to "assume some kind of position" as they navigate the hostility of a disciplinary culture that was never intended for them but has, nevertheless, benefited from them. On varying levels, that…

Despite the numerical predominance of women in higher education institutions (HEIs), significant underrepresentation in academic and leadership positions persists, highlighting ongoing gender inequalities. This study examines the role of management in addressing gender disparities and offensive behaviors within a Portuguese public HEI, using…

While women make up over half of doctoral students in the biological sciences, that number decreases as they progress through academic job rankings. The "leaky pipeline" and other metaphors have been used to describe the underrepresentation of women in STEM, but these metaphors fail to address how institutional structures, such as…

Over the past decade, the rate of presidential turnover in higher education has accelerated, prompting research on what motivates the next generation of leaders. This article focuses on millennial women in Christian higher education, a sector where White male leaders have historically dominated: Women have remained underrepresented in college…

Colleges and universities are of the place and time in which they exist, reflecting the prevailing racial, income, and wealth inequities across society. As a result, the history of higher education in the United States tells both a story of opportunity and advancement, as well as one of exclusion, separation, and inequality. The expansion of…

This critical hermeneutic phenomenological study investigates the lived experiences of Asian American women leaders in higher music education, in order to address their historic and ongoing underrepresentation in leadership roles. Asian Americans comprise a large percentage of students in schools of music and are represented at higher numbers…

The purpose of this qualitative interview-based study is to explore the experiences of female higher education students currently enrolled in math-intensive STEM majors in universities in Kazakhstan and identify the factors that determine their retention and success in STEM education. The lesson from this study is twofold: (1) one compelling…

This paper examines whether Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, which banned sex discrimination in admissions, was successful in reducing gender disparity in graduate education. Using school-level survey data and a national survey of college degree-holders, I find that female enrollment at graduate schools increased by an average of 18.7…

In chemistry, women are still underrepresented in the postbaccalaureate stages. However, there has been limited discussion in STEM education that treats chemistry as a singular discipline and explores doctoral students' experiences from a mentoring perspective. This qualitative research study investigated how contextual factors (i.e., social…