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Carpenter, Alexis C.; Schacter, Daniel L. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
Episodic memory involves flexible retrieval processes that allow us to link together distinct episodes, make novel inferences across overlapping events, and recombine elements of past experiences when imagining future events. However, the same flexible retrieval and recombination processes that underpin these adaptive functions may also leave…
Descriptors: Memory, Recall (Psychology), Inferences, Accuracy
Saint-Aubin, Jean; Losier, Marie-Claire; Roy, Macha; Lawrence, Mike – Scientific Studies of Reading, 2015
When readers search for misspellings in a proofreading task or for a letter in a letter detection task, they are more likely to omit function words than content words. However, with misspelled words, previous findings for the letter detection task were mixed. In two experiments, the authors tested the functional equivalence of both tasks. Results…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Proofreading, Phonemes, Comparative Analysis
Osth, Adam F.; Dennis, Simon – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2015
Henson (1996) provided a number of demonstrations of error patterns in serial recall that contradict chaining models. One such error pattern concerned when participants make intrusions from prior lists: Rather than originating from random positions in the prior list, intrusions tend to be recalled in the same position as their position in the…
Descriptors: Recall (Psychology), Serial Ordering, Error Patterns, Experiments
Marsh, John E.; Hughes, Robert W.; Sörqvist, Patrik; Beaman, C. Philip; Jones, Dylan M. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2015
Two experiments examined the extent to which erroneous recall blocks veridical recall using, as a vehicle for study, the disruptive impact of distractors that are semantically similar to a list of words presented for free recall. Instructing participants to avoid erroneous recall of to-be-ignored spoken distractors attenuated their recall but this…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Recall (Psychology), Experiments, Semantics
Kelley, Matthew R.; Neath, Ian; Surprenant, Aimée M. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2015
Serial position functions with marked primacy and recency effects are ubiquitous in episodic memory tasks. The demonstrations reported here explored whether bow-shaped serial position functions would be observed when people ordered exemplars from various categories along a specified dimension. The categories and dimensions were: actors and age;…
Descriptors: Undergraduate Students, Serial Ordering, Memory, Semantics
Reimer, Jason F.; Radvansky, Gabriel A.; Lorsbach, Thomas C.; Armendarez, Joseph J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2015
Recently, a great deal of research has demonstrated that although everyday experience is continuous in nature, it is parsed into separate events. The aim of the present study was to examine whether event structure can influence the effectiveness of cognitive control. Across 5 experiments we varied the structure of events within the AX-CPT by…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Attention Control, Experience, Experiments
Mou, Weimin; Wang, Lin – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2015
Three experiments investigated whether navigation is less efficient across boundaries than within boundaries. In an immersive virtual environment, participants learned objects' locations in a large room or a small room. Participants then pointed to the objects' original locations after physically walking a circuitous path without vision.…
Descriptors: Navigation, Spatial Ability, Memory, Virtual Classrooms
Gerhardt, Ira – PRIMUS, 2015
An experiment was conducted over three recent semesters of an introductory calculus course to test whether it was possible to quantify the effect that difficulty with basic algebraic and arithmetic computation had on individual performance. Points lost during the term were classified as being due to either algebraic and arithmetic mistakes…
Descriptors: Mathematics Instruction, College Mathematics, Undergraduate Study, Calculus
Shipman, Barbara A.; Shipman, Patrick D. – PRIMUS, 2013
We study situations in introductory analysis in which students affirmed false statements as true, despite simple counterexamples that they easily recognized afterwards. The study draws attention to how simple counterexamples can become hidden in plain sight, even in an active learning atmosphere where students proposed simple (as well as more…
Descriptors: College Mathematics, Undergraduate Study, Mathematics Instruction, Misconceptions
Fiorella, Logan; van Gog, Tamara; Hoogerheide, Vincent; Mayer, Richard E. – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2017
The present study tests whether presenting video modeling examples from the learner's (first-person) perspective promotes learning of an assembly task, compared to presenting video examples from a third-person perspective. Across 2 experiments conducted in different labs, university students viewed a video showing how to assemble an 8-component…
Descriptors: Perspective Taking, Video Technology, Instructional Materials, Modeling (Psychology)
Mou, Weimin; Zhou, Ruojing – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2013
Four experiments examined the roles of extended surfaces and the number of points in the boundary superiority effect in goal localization. Participants learned the locations of 4 objects in the presence of a boundary, landmarks, or both in an immersive virtual environment by reproducing the locations with feedback. Participants then localized the…
Descriptors: Experimental Psychology, Feedback (Response), Geographic Location, Memory
Wu, Will F. W.; Magill, Richard A. – Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 2011
For this study, we investigated the effects of self-controlled practice on learning multiple motor skills. Thirty participants were randomly assigned to self-control or yoked conditions. Participants learned a three-keystroke pattern with three different relative time structures. Those in the self-control group chose one of three relative time…
Descriptors: Learning Strategies, Error Patterns, Learner Controlled Instruction, Self Management
Jones, Angela C.; Folk, Jocelyn R.; Rapp, Brenda – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2009
A central issue in the study of reading and spelling has been to understand how the consistency or frequency of letter-sound relationships affects written language processing. We present, for the first time, evidence that the sound-spelling frequency of "subgraphemic" elements of words (letters within digraphs) contributes to the…
Descriptors: Spelling, Written Language, Short Term Memory, Language Processing
Munson, Benjamin; Edwards, Jan; Schellinger, Sarah K.; Beckman, Mary E.; Meyer, Marie K. – Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, 2010
This article honours Adele Miccio's life work by reflecting on the utility of phonetic transcription. The first section reviews the literature on cases where children whose speech appears to neutralize a contrast in the adult language are found on closer examination to produce a contrast ("covert contrast"). This study presents evidence…
Descriptors: Phonetic Transcription, Measurement, Bias, Misconceptions
Lorenzet, Steven J.; Salas, Eduardo; Tannenbaum, Scott I. – Human Resource Development Quarterly, 2005
We conducted an experiment using training in a software package for presentations. Ninety undergraduate students with no previous experience received either training that guided them to commit common errors or alternatively training that sought to prevent errors from occurring. From previous research and relevant theory, a typology for…
Descriptors: Undergraduate Students, Self Efficacy, Computer Software, Experiments