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Michael Kolling – Informatics in Education, 2024
The principles of programming language design for learning and teaching have been described and discussed for several decades. Most influential was the work of Niklaus Wirth, describing principles such as simplicity, modularity, orthogonality, and readability. So why is this still an area of fundamental disagreement among educators? Why can…
Descriptors: Programming Languages, Design, Novices, Computer Science Education
Zhang, Yingbin; Paquette, Luc; Pinto, Juan D.; Liu, Qianhui; Fan, Aysa Xuemo – Education and Information Technologies, 2023
It is widely recognized that debugging is challenging for novice programmers and, as such, computing educators and researchers have called for explicit debugging instruction. Debugging requires various knowledge and skills, and different students may show different strengths and weaknesses. An understanding of such individual differences is…
Descriptors: Undergraduate Students, Programming, Novices, Troubleshooting
Toni Taipalus; Hilkka Grahn; Saima Ritonummi; Valtteri Siitonen; Tero Vartiainen; Denis Zhidkikh – ACM Transactions on Computing Education, 2025
SQL compiler error messages are the primary way users receive feedback when they encounter syntax errors or other issues in their SQL queries. Effective error messages can enhance the user experience by providing clear, informative, and actionable feedback. Despite the age of SQL compilers, it still remains largely unclear what contributes to an…
Descriptors: Computer Science Education, Novices, Information Systems, Programming Languages
Esche, Svana; Weihe, Karsten – IEEE Transactions on Education, 2023
Contribution: Most work on languages in computing education currently focuses on non-native speakers. In contrast, to the best of the authors' knowledge, this article is the first response to the call for research on terms that takes into account the terms used by novices in their language. Background: Terms are key factors in communication,…
Descriptors: Programming Languages, Computer Science Education, Misconceptions, Undergraduate Students
Hao, Xiaoxin; Xu, Zhiyi; Guo, Mingyue; Hu, Yuzheng; Geng, Fengji – International Journal of STEM Education, 2023
Background: Coding has become an integral part of STEM education. However, novice learners face difficulties in processing codes within embedded structures (also termed nested structures). This study aimed to investigate the cognitive mechanism underlying the processing of embedded coding structures based on hierarchical complexity theory, which…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Difficulty Level, Programming, Computer Science Education
Miedema, Daphne; Fletcher, George; Aivaloglou, Efthimia – ACM Transactions on Computing Education, 2023
Prior studies in the Computer Science education literature have illustrated that novices make many mistakes in composing SQL queries. Query formulation proves to be difficult for students. Only recently, some headway was made towards understanding why SQL leads to so many mistakes, by uncovering student misconceptions. In this article, we shed new…
Descriptors: Computer Science Education, Novices, Misconceptions, Programming Languages
Johnson, Donald M.; Pate, Michael L.; Estepp, Christopher M.; Wardlow, George W. – Journal of Research in Technical Careers, 2023
A replication study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of an instructional treatment based on self-efficacy theory when used with novice Arduino microcontroller users. Students (n = 32) in an introductory university agricultural systems technology course participated in a lesson on Arduino microcontrollers, circuit breadboarding, and…
Descriptors: Self Efficacy, Computer Science Education, Instructional Effectiveness, Novices
von Hausswolff, Kristina – Computer Science Education, 2022
Background and Context: Research in programming education seems to show that hands-on writing at the keyboard is beneficial for learning, but we lack an explanation of why that is and an underlying theory to anchor that explanation. Objective: The first objective is to lay out a theoretical foundation for understanding the learning situation when…
Descriptors: Programming, Computer Science Education, Novices, Student Experience
Chun-Ying Chen – ACM Transactions on Computing Education, 2025
This study examined the effects of worked examples with different explanation types and novices' motivation on cognitive load, and how this subsequently influenced their programming problem-solving performance. Given the study's emphasis on both instructional approaches and learner motivation, the Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning served as…
Descriptors: Models, Learning Motivation, Cognitive Processes, Difficulty Level
Coto, Mayela; Mora, Sonia; Grass, Beatriz; Murillo-Morera, Juan – Computer Science Education, 2022
Background and context: Emotions are ubiquitous in academic settings and affect learning strategies, motivation to persevere, and academic outcomes, however they have not figured prominently in research on learning to program at the university level. Objective: To summarize the current knowledge available on the effect of emotions on students…
Descriptors: Programming, Computer Science Education, Psychological Patterns, Emotional Response
Hugo G. Lapierre; Patrick Charland; Pierre-Majorique Léger – Computer Science Education, 2024
Background and Context: Current programming learning research often compares novices and experienced programmers, leaving early learning stages and emotional and cognitive states under-explored. Objective: Our study investigates relationships between cognitive and emotional states and learning performance in early stage programming learners with…
Descriptors: Programming, Computer Science Education, Psychological Patterns, Cognitive Processes
Fu, Qian; Zheng, Yafeng; Zhang, Mengyao; Zheng, Lanqin; Zhou, Junyi; Xie, Bochao – Educational Technology Research and Development, 2023
Providing appropriate feedback is important when learning to program. However, it is still unclear how different feedback strategies affect learning outcomes in programming. This study designed four different two-step programming feedback strategies and explored their impact on novice programmers' academic achievement, learning motivations, and…
Descriptors: Feedback (Response), Academic Achievement, Novices, Programming
Kim, ChanMin; Dinç, Emre; Lee, Eunseo; Baabdullah, Afaf; Zhang, Anna Y.; Belland, Brian R. – Journal of Educational Computing Research, 2023
Analogical reasoning is considered to be a critical cognitive skill in programming. However, it has been rarely studied in a block-based programming context, especially involving both virtual and physical objects. In this multi-case study, we examined how novice programming learners majoring in early childhood education used analogical reasoning…
Descriptors: Robotics, Programming, Novices, Thinking Skills
Heinsen Egan, Matthew; McDonald, Chris – Computer Science Education, 2021
Background and Context: Students learning the C programming language struggle to debug, and to understand the runtime behaviour of, their programs. Objective: We examine a tool that combines several novice-focused error detection, program visualization, and debugging techniques, to investigate which features students use in real study sessions,…
Descriptors: Computer Science Education, Programming Languages, Programming, Novices
Paassen, Benjamin; McBroom, Jessica; Jeffries, Bryn; Koprinska, Irena; Yacef, Kalina – Journal of Educational Data Mining, 2021
Educational data mining involves the application of data mining techniques to student activity. However, in the context of computer programming, many data mining techniques can not be applied because they require vector-shaped input, whereas computer programs have the form of syntax trees. In this paper, we present ast2vec, a neural network that…
Descriptors: Data Analysis, Programming Languages, Networks, Novices