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Yechiam, Eldad; Ashby, Nathaniel J. S.; Hochman, Guy – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2019
The majority of the literature on the psychology of gains and losses suggests that losses lead to an avoidance response. Several studies, however, have shown that losses can also lead to an approach response, whereby an option is selected more often when it produces losses. In five studies we examine the boundary conditions for these contradictory…
Descriptors: Fear, Responses, Attention, Selection
Regenwetter, Michel; Dana, Jason; Davis-Stober, Clintin P. – Psychological Review, 2011
Transitivity of preferences is a fundamental principle shared by most major contemporary rational, prescriptive, and descriptive models of decision making. To have transitive preferences, a person, group, or society that prefers choice option "x" to "y" and "y" to "z" must prefer "x" to…
Descriptors: Decision Making, Selection, Attitudes, Models
Steiner, Peter M.; Cook, Thomas D.; Shadish, William R.; Clark, M. H. – Psychological Methods, 2010
The assumption of strongly ignorable treatment assignment is required for eliminating selection bias in observational studies. To meet this assumption, researchers often rely on a strategy of selecting covariates that they think will control for selection bias. Theory indicates that the most important covariates are those highly correlated with…
Descriptors: Selection, Bias, Observation, Comparative Analysis
McDowell, John; Singell, Larry D., Jr.; Stater, Mark – Economics of Education Review, 2009
Administrative skill is essential to organizational effectiveness. Yet, few studies examine how human capital investments over a career affect selection into administration. We use panel data for economists to estimate the probability of choosing administration over a pure academic track. The results show that, while research-specific human…
Descriptors: Human Capital, Research, Institutional Mission, Probability
Neuringer, Allen; Jensen, Greg; Piff, Paul – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2007
Attempts to characterize voluntary behavior have been ongoing for thousands of years. We provide experimental evidence that judgments of volition are based upon distributions of responses in relation to obtained rewards. Participants watched as responses, said to be made by "actors," appeared on a computer screen. The participant's task was to…
Descriptors: Individual Power, Behavior, Responses, Rewards
Novotna, Jarmila, Ed.; Moraova, Hana, Ed.; Kratka, Magdalena, Ed.; Stehlikova, Nad'a, Ed. – International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, 2006
This document contains the second volume of the proceedings of the 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education. Conference presentations are centered around the theme "Mathematics at the Centre." This volume features 60 research reports by presenters with last names beginning between Abr…
Descriptors: Program Effectiveness, Foreign Countries, Middle Schools, Textbooks
International Association for Development of the Information Society, 2012
The IADIS CELDA 2012 Conference intention was to address the main issues concerned with evolving learning processes and supporting pedagogies and applications in the digital age. There had been advances in both cognitive psychology and computing that have affected the educational arena. The convergence of these two disciplines is increasing at a…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Academic Persistence, Academic Support Services, Access to Computers