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Showing 1 to 15 of 75 results Save | Export
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Ichien, Nicholas; Lu, Hongjing; Holyoak, Keith J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
Although models of word meanings based on distributional semantics have proved effective in predicting human judgments of similarity among individual concepts, it is less clear whether or how such models might be extended to account for judgments of similarity among relations between concepts. Here we combine an individual-differences approach…
Descriptors: Prediction, Semantics, Definitions, Decision Making
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Jolien Moorkens; Jean-Philippe van Dijck; Wim Fias – Journal of Numerical Cognition, 2025
Previous research has investigated the Spatial Numerical Associations of Response Codes (SNARC) effect as a measure of spatial number coding in relation to mathematics (Cipora et al., 2020, https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.14355). An issue that arises if one wants to correlate mathematical performance with the SNARC effect, is how individual…
Descriptors: Teaching Methods, Decision Making, Task Analysis, Individual Differences
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Natalie Toomey; Misook Heo – Learning: Research and Practice, 2024
This research examined how spatial ability, sex, and cognitive styles associate with self-directed multimedia resource use (study 1) and learning outcomes (study 2). In study 1, three learning resource options were offered: two unimodal (text-only and labelled-picture) and one multimodal (picture-with-narration). Findings revealed that lower…
Descriptors: Spatial Ability, Gender Differences, Pictorial Stimuli, Task Analysis
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Unsworth, Nash; Robison, Matthew K.; Miller, Ashley L. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
Eight experiments (N = 2,003) assessed the relation between working memory capacity (WMC) and performance on the antisaccade task. Experiments 1-5 and 7 examined individual differences in aspects of goal management processes occurring during the preparatory delay of the antisaccade task. WMC tended to interact with delay interval suggesting that…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Attention Control, Eye Movements, Individual Differences
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Ma, Weiyi; Luo, Rufan; Golinkoff, Roberta; Hirsh-Pasek, Kathy – Language Learning and Development, 2023
Verbs serve as the architectural centerpiece of sentences, making verb learning pivotal for language acquisition. Verb learning requires both the formation of a verb-action mapping and the abstraction of relations between an object and its action. Two competing positions have been proposed to explain the process of verb learning: (a) seeing a…
Descriptors: Verbs, Language Acquisition, English, Cognitive Mapping
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Paul Leeming; Joseph P. Vitta; Phil Hiver; Dillon Hicks; Stuart McLean; Christopher Nicklin – Language Learning, 2024
This study investigated how students' self-reported individual differences predicted second language (L2) spoken discussion task output, an objective behavioral outcome, in the Japanese university English as a Foreign Language (EFL) context. Although numerous psychological theories are used as a rationale for task-based language teaching (TBLT),…
Descriptors: Self Efficacy, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
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Haruka Sophia Iwao; Sally Andrews; Aaron Veldre – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2025
Evidence of sensitivity to graphotactic and morphological patterns in English spelling has been extensively examined in monolinguals. Comparatively few studies have examined bilinguals' sensitivity to spelling regularities. The present study compared late Chinese-English bilinguals and English monolinguals on their sensitivity to systematic…
Descriptors: Spelling, Morphology (Languages), Monolingualism, Bilingualism
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Chesebrough, Christine; Chrysikou, Evangelia G.; Holyoak, Keith J.; Zhang, Fengqing; Kounios, John – Creativity Research Journal, 2023
An underexplored aspect of the relationship between analogical reasoning and creativity is its phenomenology; in particular, the notion that analogical reasoning is related to insight and its associated "aha!" experience. However, the relationship between these phenomena has never been directly investigated. We adapted a set of verbal…
Descriptors: Creativity, Creative Thinking, Figurative Language, Concept Formation
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Guo, Lin – Reading Psychology, 2022
This study investigated whether task instruction affected comprehension of multiple conflicting-view texts after controlling for a number of individual difference variables and whether the effects of task instruction varied as a result of post-reading assessment tasks. Recruited from a First-Year Composition course, 64 participants received a task…
Descriptors: College Freshmen, Freshman Composition, Reading Instruction, Reading Comprehension
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Erb, Christopher D.; Welhaf, Matthew S.; Smeekens, Bridget A.; Moreau, David; Kane, Michael J.; Marcovitch, Stuart – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2021
We used a technique known as reach tracking to investigate how individual differences in working memory capacity (WMC) relate to the functioning of two processes proposed to underlie cognitive control: a threshold adjustment process that temporarily inhibits motor output in response to signals of conflict and a controlled selection process that…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Undergraduate Students, Cognitive Processes, Task Analysis
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Andrew H. Lee – Language Teaching Research, 2024
This study investigated the extent to which second language (L2) learners benefited from proactive form-focused instruction (FFI) targeting French grammatical gender attribution and the degree to which L2 learners' attention control and working memory predicted their learning gains. A total of 102 L2 learners received either proactive FFI…
Descriptors: Teaching Methods, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Grammar
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Yiran Zhang; Mostafa Papi – Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 2024
The present study employs regulatory focus theory (Higgins, 1997) to investigate the effects of L2 speakers' chronic regulatory focus on their L2 pragmatic versus grammatical awareness. It involved the participation of 121 Chinese students, who are English language learners, at a university in the United States. Haws et al.'s (2010) questionnaire…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Grammar, Pragmatics, Second Language Learning
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Ellis, Derek M.; Robison, Matthew K.; Brewer, Gene A. – Journal of Intelligence, 2021
Individuals encounter problems daily wherein varying numbers of constraints require delimitation of memory to target goal-satisfying information. Multiply-constrained problems, such as the compound remote associates, are commonly used to study this type of problem solving. Since their development, multiply-constrained problems have been…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Problem Solving, Short Term Memory, Attention Control
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Jacee Cho – Second Language Research, 2024
Using self-paced reading, the present study compared native English and adult L1-Korean-L2-English speakers' processing behaviors during online comprehension of underinformative scalar sentences and non-scalar sentences like "Some/All elephants have trunks and ears." Results indicate that native speakers showed online sensitivity (i.e.…
Descriptors: Native Language, Second Language Learning, Adult Learning, Second Language Instruction
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Händel, Marion; de Bruin, Anique B. H.; Dresel, Markus – Metacognition and Learning, 2020
Extensive research has been conducted to understand how accurately students monitor their studying and performance via metacognitive judgments. Moreover, the bases of students' metacognitive judgments are of interest. While previous results are quite consistent regarding the importance of performance for the accuracy of metacognitive judgments,…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Metacognition, Personality Traits, Decision Making
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