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Byrd, Dana L.; van der Veen, Tanja K.; McNamara, Joseph P. H.; Berg, W. Keith – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2004
Three-, 4-, and 5-year-olds performed Tower of London problems under spoken, manual, and combined (requiring both spoken and manual) response conditions. Preschoolers' solutions were most goal-focused when required to give only a spoken response, intermediately goal-focused when required to give both response types, and least goal-focused when…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Responses, Executive Function, Planning