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Qi, Zhenghan; Love, Jessica; Fisher, Cynthia; Brown-Schmidt, Sarah – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
Classic studies reveal two striking differences between preschoolers and adults in online sentence comprehension. Adults (a) recruit referential context cues to guide syntactic parsing, interpreting an ambiguous phrase as a modifier if a modifier is needed to single out the intended referent among multiple options, and (b) use late-arriving…
Descriptors: Preschool Teachers, Prediction, Individual Differences, Executive Function
Amanda Grenell – ProQuest LLC, 2020
Executive function (EF) predicts children's academic achievement; however, less is known about the relation between EF and the actual learning process. Furthermore, more research is needed to better understand how different aspects of the learning environment interact with EF to influence learning. The current dissertation includes two studies to…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Preschool Curriculum, Preschool Education, Preschool Teachers
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Ansari, Arya; Pianta, Robert C.; Whittaker, Jessica V.; Vitiello, Virginia E.; Ruzek, Erik A. – Developmental Psychology, 2020
The present investigation examined the benefits of pre-K through the end of kindergarten for children from low-income homes who lived in a large and diverse county (n = 2,581) as well as factors associated with a reduction in benefits during the kindergarten year. Results revealed that pre-K graduates outperformed nonattenders in the areas of…
Descriptors: Preschool Education, Program Effectiveness, Low Income Students, Kindergarten
Ansari, Arya; Pianta, Robert C.; Whittaker, Jessica V.; Vitiello, Virginia E.; Ruzek, Erik A. – Grantee Submission, 2020
The present investigation examined the benefits of pre-K through the end of kindergarten for children from low-income homes who lived in a large and diverse county (n = 2,581) as well as factors associated with a reduction in benefits during the kindergarten year. Results revealed that pre-K graduates outperformed non-attenders in the areas of…
Descriptors: Preschool Education, Program Effectiveness, Low Income Students, Kindergarten
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Benson, Jeannette E.; Sabbagh, Mark A.; Carlson, Stephanie M.; Zelazo, Philip David – Developmental Psychology, 2013
Twenty-four 3.5-year-old children who initially showed poor performance on false-belief tasks participated in a training protocol designed to promote performance on these tasks. Our aim was to determine whether the extent to which children benefited from training was predicted by their performance on a battery of executive functioning tasks.…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Theory of Mind, Executive Function, Prediction
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Raver, C. Cybele; McCoy, Dana Charles; Lowenstein, Amy E.; Pess, Rachel – Developmental Science, 2013
The present longitudinal study tested the roles of early childhood executive control (EC) as well as exposure to poverty-related adversity at family and school levels as key predictors of low-income children's EC in elementary school ("n" = 391). Findings suggest that children's EC difficulties in preschool and lower family income from…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Executive Function, Low Income Groups, Poverty