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Aytürk, Ezgi; Cham, Heining; Jennings, Patricia A.; Brown, Joshua L. – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2020
Methods to handle ordered-categorical indicators in latent variable interactions have been developed, yet they have not been widely applied. This article compares the performance of two popular latent variable interaction modeling approaches in handling ordered-categorical indicators: unconstrained product indicator (UPI) and latent moderated…
Descriptors: Evaluation Methods, Grade 3, Grade 4, Grade 5
McLoud, Rachael – ProQuest LLC, 2019
An increasing number of parents are opting-out their children from high-stakes. Accountability systems in education have used students' test scores to measure student learning, teacher effectiveness, and school district performance. Students who are opted-out of high-stakes tests are not being evaluated by the state tests, making their level of…
Descriptors: Evaluation, High Stakes Tests, Parent Attitudes, Decision Making
Kraemer, Linda A. – ProQuest LLC, 2009
The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of listening to expository text on first graders' listening comprehension and book choice. The participants for this study included 77 first grade students from four heterogeneous classes at a suburban elementary school in the New York City metropolitan area. During the pretest and…
Descriptors: Experimental Groups, Reading Comprehension, Listening Comprehension, Intervention