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De Rom, Margot; Szmalec, Arnaud; Van Reybroeck, Marie – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2023
Individual differences in reading performance between children appear from the onset of literacy acquisition. One possible explanation for this variability is the influence of inhibition in reading ability, a topic that has received very little research attention. Nevertheless, children often make guessing errors characterized by replacing a word…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Reading Processes, Word Recognition, Sentences
Jacob, Lisa; Dörrenbächer, Sandra; Perels, Franziska – Early Child Development and Care, 2021
During preschool age, three precursors to self-regulated learning (SRL) can be identified: general self-regulation ability, speech competence, and executive functioning. There is evidence for a large interindividual heterogeneity in these precursors which may have an impact on the development of SRL. This study (a) examined heterogeneity in SRL…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Self Management, Preschool Children, Kindergarten
Butterfuss, Reese; Kendeou, Panayiota; McMaster, Kristen L.; Orcutt, Elly; Bulut, Okan – Scientific Studies of Reading, 2022
We examined the extent to which the timing of inferential questioning influenced kindergartners' inferencing performance in a non-reading context, while also taking into account individual differences in language comprehension and executive function. Students completed the eight-week Early Language Comprehension Individualized Instruction (ELCII)…
Descriptors: Kindergarten, Young Children, Reading Comprehension, Inferences
Butterfuss, Reese; Kendeou, Panayiota; McMaster, Kristen L.; Orcutt, Elly; Bulut, Okan – Grantee Submission, 2021
We examined the extent to which the timing of inferential questioning influenced kindergartners' inferencing performance in a non-reading context, while also taking into account individual differences in language comprehension and executive function. Students completed the eight-week Early Language Comprehension Individualized Instruction (ELCII)…
Descriptors: Kindergarten, Young Children, Reading Comprehension, Inferences
Chang, Isabelle – Journal of Early Childhood Research, 2020
The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which children's executive function predicted their reading comprehension performance. Participants were approximately 18,000 kindergartners in the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 2010-2011. The results suggest that individual differences in reading comprehension were…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Reading Comprehension, Kindergarten, Individual Differences
Papadopoulos, Timothy C.; Spanoudis, George; Ktisti, Christiana; Fella, Argyro – European Journal of Psychology of Education, 2021
We investigated the role of linguistic and cognitive processes in reading precocity from kindergarten to grade 2. A sample of 33 precocious readers was identified that did not differ on age, gender, and parental education to a control group of 259 typical readers. The effects of verbal ability were also controlled. All children were administered a…
Descriptors: Reading Skills, Cognitive Processes, Kindergarten, Grade 1
Li, Jingwei – ProQuest LLC, 2020
This dissertation study aimed to explore whether and how individual differences in verbal and visuospatial working memory capacity and executive functions influence elementary students' mathematics fact mastery and mathematics anxiety as they engage in learning using ReflexTM, a game-based, visuospatial rich adaptive learning platform for…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Mathematics Education, Mathematics Anxiety, Game Based Learning
Vadasy, Patricia F.; Sanders, Elizabeth A.; Cartwright, Kelly B. – Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk, 2023
The development of beginning decoding and encoding skills is influenced by linguistic skills as well as executive functions (EFs). These higher-level cognitive processes include working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility, and individual differences in these EFs have been shown to contribute to early academic learning. The present study…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Decoding (Reading), Prediction, Language Skills
Vadasy, Patricia F.; Sanders, Elizabeth A.; Cartwright, Kelly B. – Grantee Submission, 2022
The development of beginning decoding and encoding skills is influenced by linguistic skills as well as executive functions (EFs). These higher-level cognitive processes include working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility, and individual differences in these EFs have been shown to contribute to early academic learning. The present study…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Decoding (Reading), Prediction, Language Skills
Ansari, Arya; Pianta, Robert C.; Whittaker, Jessica V.; Vitiello, Virginia E.; Ruzek, Erik A. – Developmental Psychology, 2020
The present investigation examined the benefits of pre-K through the end of kindergarten for children from low-income homes who lived in a large and diverse county (n = 2,581) as well as factors associated with a reduction in benefits during the kindergarten year. Results revealed that pre-K graduates outperformed nonattenders in the areas of…
Descriptors: Preschool Education, Program Effectiveness, Low Income Students, Kindergarten
Ansari, Arya; Pianta, Robert C.; Whittaker, Jessica V.; Vitiello, Virginia E.; Ruzek, Erik A. – Grantee Submission, 2020
The present investigation examined the benefits of pre-K through the end of kindergarten for children from low-income homes who lived in a large and diverse county (n = 2,581) as well as factors associated with a reduction in benefits during the kindergarten year. Results revealed that pre-K graduates outperformed non-attenders in the areas of…
Descriptors: Preschool Education, Program Effectiveness, Low Income Students, Kindergarten
Karrie E. Godwin; Cassondra M. Eng; Rachael Todaro; Gracy Murray; Anna V. Fisher – Grantee Submission, 2018
Books designed for beginning readers typically intermix text with illustrations in close proximity. Prior research suggests this standard layout may reduce literacy skills due to increased attentional competition between text and illustrations. The current study extends this work by examining whether manipulations to the book layout can enhance…
Descriptors: Decoding (Reading), Reading Comprehension, Layout (Publications), Reading Rate
Bernier, Annie; Beauchamp, Miriam H.; Carlson, Stephanie M.; Lalonde, Gabrielle – Developmental Psychology, 2015
In light of emerging evidence suggesting that the affective quality of parent-child relationships may relate to individual differences in young children's executive functioning (EF) skills, the aim of this study was to investigate the prospective associations between attachment security in toddlerhood and children's EF skills in kindergarten.…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Attachment Behavior, Parent Child Relationship, Correlation
Raver, C. Cybele; McCoy, Dana Charles; Lowenstein, Amy E.; Pess, Rachel – Developmental Science, 2013
The present longitudinal study tested the roles of early childhood executive control (EC) as well as exposure to poverty-related adversity at family and school levels as key predictors of low-income children's EC in elementary school ("n" = 391). Findings suggest that children's EC difficulties in preschool and lower family income from…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Executive Function, Low Income Groups, Poverty
Toplak, Maggie E.; West, Richard F.; Stanovich, Keith E. – Developmental Psychology, 2014
We studied developmental trends in 5 important reasoning tasks that are critical components of the operational definition of rational thinking. The tasks measured denominator neglect, belief bias, base rate sensitivity, resistance to framing, and the tendency toward otherside thinking. In addition to age, we examined 2 other individual difference…
Descriptors: Trend Analysis, Taxonomy, Cognitive Ability, Thinking Skills