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Kim, Matthew H.; Bousselot, Tracy E.; Ahmed, Sammy F. – Developmental Psychology, 2021
Executive functions (EF) are domain-general cognitive skills that predict foundational academic skills such as literacy and numeracy. However, less is known about the relation between EFs and science achievement. The nature of this relation might be explained by the theory of mutualism, which states that development is the result of complex and…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Science Achievement, Cognitive Ability, Short Term Memory
Muñez, David; Bull, Rebecca; Lee, Kerry – Developmental Science, 2022
In this study (n = 1000, M[subscript age at K1entry] = 53.4 months, SD = 3.4; 53% females), we investigated the contributions of the family socioeconomic status (SES; maternal education and an income-related measure) and number and age of siblings to the development of children's math, reading, and working memory (WM) updating skills over the…
Descriptors: Mothers, Parent Education, Siblings, Cognitive Development
Heterogeneity in the Development of Executive Function: Evidence from Nationally Representative Data
Reid, Jeanne L.; Ready, Douglas D. – Early Education and Development, 2022
Research Findings: The present study examined patterns of executive function (EF) development among socio-demographically diverse children in kindergarten, first grade, and second grade. Using nationally representative data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study Kindergarten Cohort: 2011, we estimated children's growth in working memory and…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Cognitive Development, Kindergarten, Primary Education
Looney, Lisa; Wong, Eugene H.; Rosales, Kevin P.; Rosales, Florissell; Tirado, Gisselle – School Psychology International, 2023
Considerable research has documented the impact of teacher perceptions on students' academic-related outcomes (e.g., classroom performance). This body of literature clearly shows that teacher perceptions (resulting from direct interactions with students) can have both positive and negative effects with respect to student behaviors and experiences…
Descriptors: Teacher Attitudes, Short Term Memory, Executive Function, Academic Achievement
Taylor Lesner; Ben Clarke; Derek Kosty; Geovanna Rodriguez; Elizabeth L. Budd; Christian Doabler – Grantee Submission, 2025
This secondary analysis of data from a randomized control trial of an early mathematics intervention, ROOTS, explored whether patterns of intervention response were best categorized by the typical response/non-response binary or a more complex framework with additional response profiles. Participants included kindergarten students at risk for…
Descriptors: Mathematics Instruction, Response to Intervention, At Risk Students, Kindergarten
Davies, Patrick T.; Thompson, Morgan J.; Li, Zhi; Sturge-Apple, Melissa L. – Developmental Psychology, 2022
Guided by evolutionary-developmental models, this study tested the hypothesis that children's exposure to parental relationship instability, defined by initiation and dissolution of caregiver intimate relationships, has both costs in cognitive impairments and benefits in enhanced learning skills. Participants included 243 mothers and their…
Descriptors: Parent Child Relationship, Child Development, Marital Instability, Models
Investigating the Associations between Family Alliance and Executive Functioning in Middle Childhood
Hébert, Élizabeth; Regueiro, Sophie; Bernier, Annie – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2021
There is now wide consensus that the quality of family relationships is involved in the development of child executive functioning (EF), a set of cognitive skills that bear critical importance for social and academic adjustment at school. This body of research has, however, focused almost exclusively on dyadic parent-child interactions and failed…
Descriptors: Family Relationship, Child Development, Executive Function, Foreign Countries
Goodrich, J. Marc; Koziol, Natalie A.; Yoon, HyeonJin; Leiva, Sergio – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2022
Despite much research examining whether bilingual individuals demonstrate superior executive function (EF) skills compared to monolinguals, the purported bilingual advantage remains controversial. One potential reason for discrepant findings across studies examining the bilingual advantage is the difficulty in matching monolingual and bilingual…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Executive Function, Surveys, Children
Bakker, Merel; Torbeyns, Joke; Verschaffel, Lieven; De Smedt, Bert – Developmental Psychology, 2023
Children start preschool with large individual differences in their early numerical abilities. Little is known about the importance of heterogeneous patterns that exist within these individual differences. A person-centered analytic approach might be helpful to unravel these patterns and the cognitive and environmental factors that are associated…
Descriptors: Longitudinal Studies, Mathematics Instruction, Mathematics Achievement, Preschool Education
Raver, C. Cybele; Blair, Clancy – Future of Children, 2016
In this article, Cybele Raver and Clancy Blair explore a group of cognitive processes called executive function (EF)--including the flexible control of attention, the ability to hold information through working memory, and the ability to maintain inhibitory control. EF processes are crucial for young children's learning. On the one hand, they can…
Descriptors: Attention, Short Term Memory, Inhibition, Executive Function
Willoughby, Michael T.; Magnus, Brooke; Vernon-Feagans, Lynne; Blair, Clancy B. – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2017
Substantial evidence has established that individual differences in executive function (EF) in early childhood are uniquely predictive of children's academic readiness at school entry. The current study tested whether growth trajectories of EF across the early childhood period could be used to identify a subset of children who were at pronounced…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Young Children, Kindergarten, School Readiness
Decker, Scott L.; Roberts, Alycia M.; Roberts, Kristin L.; Stafford, Allison L.; Eckert, Mark A. – Psychology in the Schools, 2016
A significant number of studies have examined the cognitive components of basic academic skills, which has led to major changes in both teaching and early identification assessment practices. However, the majority of previous research has focused solely on reading. This study examines the cognitive components of academic writing skills across…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Writing Skills, Teaching Methods, Grade 1
Dirk, Judith; Schmiedek, Florian – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2016
Children experience good and bad days in their performance. Although this phenomenon is well-known to teachers, parents, and students it has not been investigated empirically. We examined whether children's working memory performance varies systematically from day to day and to which extent fluctuations at faster timescales (i.e., occasions,…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Short Term Memory, Grade 3, Grade 4
Grammer, Jennie K.; Coffman, Jennifer L.; Sidney, Pooja; Ornstein, Peter A. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2016
Although high-quality early educational environments are thought to be related to the growth of children's skills in mathematics, relatively little is known about specific aspects of classroom instruction that may promote these abilities. Data from a longitudinal investigation were used to investigate associations between teachers' language while…
Descriptors: Mathematics Instruction, Mathematics Skills, Elementary School Teachers, Grade 2
Salminen, Jonna; Koponen, Tuire; Räsänen, Pekka; Aro, Mikko – Mathematical Thinking and Learning: An International Journal, 2015
Weaknesses in early number skills have been found to be a risk factor for later difficulties in mathematical performance. Nevertheless, only a few intervention studies with young children have been published. In this study, the responsiveness to early support in kindergarteners with most severe difficulties was examined with two different computer…
Descriptors: At Risk Students, Kindergarten, Mathematics Skills, Computer Assisted Instruction
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