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Wellmanns, Andrea; Schmiemann, Philipp – Journal of Biological Education, 2022
Feedback loop reasoning is an essential part of systems thinking, which includes the analysis and description of system behaviour and regulative measures. In feedback loops, every change can simultaneously represent a cause and an effect. Research on reasoning in feedback loops is limited to investigating students' existing mental models. This…
Descriptors: Feedback (Response), Science Instruction, Visual Aids, Physiology
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Cox, Marjolein; Elen, Jan; Steegen, An – International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education, 2020
Several challenges faced by humanity, such as the world food problem, migration flows or climate change, are all taught about in geography courses worldwide. Behind these challenges are complex systems consisting of several interrelated causes and consequences. In order to better understand these highly complex geographical systems, a systems…
Descriptors: Geography Instruction, Systems Approach, Thinking Skills, Spatial Ability
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Cox, Marjolein; Elen, Jan; Steegen, An – Journal of Geography, 2019
Increasing interconnectedness of people and goods enhances the complexity of geographical problems. For students to understand geography, systems thinking--and in this context, the use of causal diagrams--is a promising approach. A quasi-experimental design is used in which the systems thinking ability of students working with causal diagrams is…
Descriptors: Causal Models, Concept Mapping, Visual Aids, Systems Approach
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Marjolein Cox; An Steegen; Jan Elen – International Journal of Designs for Learning, 2018
To gain insight into complex sustainability problems and acknowledge complexity is essential and can be achieved by creating an overview of the entire system, including interaction between variables. Therefore, systems thinking is recognized as a vital cognitive skill required to grasp complex global problems. Nevertheless, the implementation of…
Descriptors: Visual Aids, Thinking Skills, Systems Approach, Geography Instruction