Rising numbers of English learners (ELs) being placed in general education high school mathematics classrooms with underprepared teachers is an increasing concern in U.S. public schools. Despite its importance, there has been little research on how to best support high school mathematics teachers in their attempt to teach both the highly…

The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to explore how upper elementary and middle school teachers describe their preparation experiences and instructional practices in teaching STEM to ELLs. This study was guided by literature and Geneva Gay's (2021) Culturally Responsive Teaching Practices conceptual framework. The research…

As the United States continues to grow with English language learners entering schools, teachers must focus on helping them improve their reading comprehension. The problem addressed in this study was the lack of vocabulary instruction implemented by teachers impedes the development of English language learners' reading comprehension. The purpose…

The purpose of this qualitative study is to determine whether Sheltered English Instruction Training (SEIT) has any impact on the perceptions and practices of content level secondary school teachers. SEIT is intended to counter preconceived notions about English Learners (ELs) by leveraging their cultural background to enhance personalized…

Math educators must engage students in deep learning and talk spanning shorter, medium, and longer time frames to offer both the structures and language so that secondary English learners can participate fully alongside their classmates. In this article, the authors present: (1) "structure and language" to facilitate full participation…

*English Learners in secondary school settings often face discrepancies in opportunities and outcomes. Methods to address these discrepancies are grounded in an instrumental approach to instruction, wherein educational practitioners are understood to require methodological intervention in the form of professional development by a more experienced…

Anti-oppressive global citizenship education (GCE), a specific strand of critical GCE, is a new field, especially concerning empirical studies within English classrooms. Based on an anti-oppressive GCE framework and the research question, "what does anti-oppressive theory look like in practice in English classrooms and how can this be woven…

An issue in education today is the lack of effective teaching methods for immigrant and emergent bilingual students. Mathematics teachers of students that speak English as a second language face particular challenges because of the complexities of math vocabulary words, which may bring more confusion. My study examines methods one secondary…

The proliferation of an expanding English second language community has led to an increasing number of English language learner (ELL) students enrolling within the California public schools system. This research study sought to understand how teacher self-efficacy affected ELL assessment outcomes and the role professional development had in…

For 23 years, the author worked with high school students from a wide range of language backgrounds and widely differing circumstances. What they all had in common was that they were all developing competence and confidence in academic English. One of the challenges in teaching them was that some students had traveled back and forth between the…

The COVID-19 global pandemic had a profound impact on all industries globally, and significantly affected K-12 education. The impact was so severe that schools were forced to close abruptly, therefore, requiring teachers to find alternative learning modalities for their students in the wake of the crisis. Teachers, students, parents, and school…

Videoconferencing (VC) instruction has become more prevalent in education due to a variety of factors, one of which was the COVID-19 pandemic, which required online teachers to plan relevant and purposeful VC lessons. Secondary English Language Learner (ELL) teachers have expressed concerns about the quality of instruction being delivered. The…

The stagnation of National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) Writing scores demonstrates the need for research-based instruction that improves writing for all students, especially English learners. In this article, we synthesize the literature on effective instructional practices for this diverse group of learners and describe how these…

Developing the high levels of reading proficiency necessary to navigate the secondary curriculum is challenging for ELLs, but it is an essential component of academic success in their secondary and subsequent post-secondary education. Despite the importance of understanding the literacy needs of this population, research documenting the reading…

This study analyzed data from the 2018 Teaching and Learning International Study of secondary education teachers to investigate differences in instructional practices of mathematics and science teachers in relation to the percentage of English learners (EL) they instruct. The study used a series of regression models to examine if EL class…