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Esra Sözer Boz – Education and Information Technologies, 2025
International large-scale assessments provide cross-national data on students' cognitive and non-cognitive characteristics. A critical methodological issue that often arises in comparing data from cross-national studies is ensuring measurement invariance, indicating that the construct under investigation is the same across the compared groups.…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, International Assessment, Foreign Countries, Secondary School Students
Sturgis, Chris – International Association for K-12 Online Learning, 2014
This paper is part of a series investigating the implementation of competency education. The purpose of the paper is to explore how districts and schools can redesign grading systems to best help students to excel in academics and to gain the skills that are needed to be successful in college, the community, and the workplace. In order to make the…
Descriptors: Grading, Competency Based Education, Evaluation Methods, Evaluation Research