An estimated 13,600 public school districts nationwide (90 percent) have Chapter 1 compensatory education programs, funded under the Education Consolidation and Improvement Act. Nearly all of these districts (97 percent) had State oversight visits (compliance reviews and program audits) from Fall 1982 to Spring 1986. A recent survey of these oversight visits revealed the following: (1) urban districts and large districts (10,000 or more students) had more visits than rural or small districts (less than 2,500 students); (2) 92 percent of school districts with Chapter 1 programs had at least one State monitoring review, and 84 percent had at least one State audit; (3) on average, school districts had 2.3 State monitoring reviews and 2.1 State audits; and (4) each of the 13 Chapter 1 program areas were included in over 80 percent of the districts, and seven of the areas had been reviewed in over 90 percent of the districts. Areas more likely to be reviewed in urban than rural districts, and areas more likely to be reviewed in large than small districts are identified. The most recent State audit was conducted either by a State Education Agency official, or by an accountant under contract with the school district. Over half of the districts reported that their most recent State audit was conducted as a district-wide audit, rather than as an audit specific to the Chapter 1 program. Survey methodology and data reliability are discussed. Data are presented on seven tables. Appendices define Chapter 1 program areas and present the survey instrument. (BJV)