This policy brief examines standards-based approaches that hold promise for shaping a common vision of skilled teaching commensurate with the national goal of preparing all students for college and careers. Numerous studies confirm that teachers are the most significant school-based factor in improving student achievement, particularly for the…

Assessment has long been at the center of education policy debates, and for good reason. The goal of schooling is to maximize student learning, and assessments provide a picture of what students know and are able to do. Assessments also have a strong influence on what goes on in classrooms. The United States is now poised to make the most dramatic…

A discrepancy score evaluation technique was successfully implemented in California, thereby allowing parents, teachers, and students to provide information regarding the students' needs. However, the same method failed in American Samoa due to the parents' perceptions of teachers as experts and the amount of teacher time necessary for…