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Nichols, Shannon; Parsons, Jim – Online Submission, 2010
In the face of the century-old call for democracy in education by John Dewey, this paper explores how and why teachers have been systemically removed from efficacy within the educational system in which they live and work. The paper examines historical trends that work to limit teachers' institutional power and become obstacles to teacher voice.…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Teacher Responsibility, Professional Autonomy, Teaching Methods
Kemp, Cassandra Richardson – Principal Leadership, 2005
Like most states, Pennsylvania has a state accountability system that is aligned with the requirements of the federal No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) and requires that students reach adequate yearly progress (AYP) goals on the Pennsylvania System of School Assessment (PSSA) in reading and mathematics at the end of grades 3, 5, 8, and 11 in…
Descriptors: Federal Legislation, Reading Programs, Public Schools, Graduation Requirements