This study assumes that companionship among married couples varies according to the social status of the wife. It is predicted that a couple's mutual participation increases as socioeconomic status and urban background increase, but that it decreases with age and length of marriage. (Author)

Face-to-face learning and web-based learning were analyzed using a communicative model of collaborative learning. Students used linguistic interactions to express their beliefs and experiences, control the interaction process, and achieve meaning and knowledge co-creation in a collaborative environment. (Contains 25 references.) (SK)

The notion of symmetrical communication and its application in course teams at Deakin University, Australia, are considered. Symmetry in communications is evident in groups characterized by mutual recognition by members of one another as persons accepted and appreciated in their common striving for mutual understanding and consensus. The technique…