Observed speech and interactive behavior of American Hmong students who were attending a northern California high school indicate that Hmong student responses to teacher-generated questions were often influenced by culturally-based predispositions. Because of these differences, Hmong students often provided answers considered "wrong,"…

This descriptive study formulates a comprehensive picture of the structure, educational practices, and associated positive student outcomes of integrated programs for students with severe disabilities across a variety of California communities. Three of the seven participating programs represented the full inclusion model of integration…

Technology is viewed as a significant independent variable of the organization, affecting the organizational task structure. Viewing the classroom as the unit of observation, a technological change is introduced in the form of electronic computers to teach mathematics. Organizational task structure is defined in terms of teacher-pupil interaction…