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Direct linkLihui Sun; Junjie Liu – Journal of Educational Computing Research, 2025
Computational Thinking (CT) has evolved as an essential competency for K-12 students, and programming practices are recognized as the key way to facilitate CT development. However, most studies of CT development in middle graders have focused on visual programming, lacking evidence to demonstrate the effectiveness of Python programming. Therefore,…
Descriptors: Computation, Thinking Skills, Skill Development, Middle School Students
Lihui Sun; Junjie Liu – Journal of Educational Computing Research, 2024
Computational thinking (CT), as a new future-oriented literacy, has gained attention at the basic education level. Graphical programming is the common way to develop CT in primary students, but this drag-and-drop programming may weaken students' understanding of programming's abstract concepts and code logic. Text-based programming approaches can…
Descriptors: Thinking Skills, Computation, Programming, Gamification
Lihui Sun; Junjie Liu – Educational Technology Research and Development, 2024
This study investigated the effects of the single programming approach (plugged-in and unplugged) and the mixed programming approach (plugged-in-first and unplugged-first) on the computational thinking (CT) skills of first-grade students. However, focusing only on the programming learning approach itself is insufficient. Therefore, the influences…
Descriptors: Thinking Skills, Computation, Grade 1, Elementary School Students
Lihui Sun; Junjie Liu – Education and Information Technologies, 2024
There has been a global consensus to develop computational thinking (CT) in primary education, but the biggest obstacle to promoting CT is teachers' lack of sufficient CT. This study explored the effects of micro: bit educational robotics (MER) programming activities on primary teachers' CT and programming attitudes (PA) while considering the…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Elementary School Teachers, Robotics, Programming
Lihui Sun; Danhua Zhou – Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 2024
Background: Integrating programming in K-12 curriculum has become a global consensus. Teachers are central figures in programming instruction. But the majority of current research focuses on teachers' external teaching behaviours and less on teachers' attitudes towards programming. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to validate the K-12…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Elementary School Teachers, Secondary School Teachers, Teacher Attitudes
Lihui Sun; Zhen Guo; Danhua Zhou – Interactive Learning Environments, 2024
Coding ability has become an essential digital skill for young children. The graphical programming environment is valuable carrier for cultivating children's coding ability. The purpose of this study is to develop a coding ability test for children, to conduct a graphic coding intervention, and to further explore the impact of multiple factors on…
Descriptors: Programming, Skill Development, Intervention, Student Experience
