Purpose: Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in China, student engagement in online learning has been a critical issue for all educational institutions. The university student engagement inventory (USEI) is the most used scale for assessing the construct of student engagement. The present study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of…

In this digital age, digital multimodal composing (DMC) has permeated the L2 classroom as a technology-enhanced L2 writing task. Despite the learning potential of DMC for L2 students, instruments that measure L2 students' DMC competence are rare. As such, the present study sought to develop and validate an L2 student DMC competence scale in the…

Studies have shown that raising L2 learners' metaphor awareness contributes to the acquisition of figurative language, which fosters students' development of language skills. However, the instruments measuring metaphor awareness, in the majority of relevant research, did not seem to have undergone proper methodological procedures for checking…

Research capability is one of the essential capabilities of scholars for effectively conducting their work. Yet current research lacks a structured exploration and measurement scale for Chinese scholars on this matter. In the Chinese research context, this study conducted two questionnaires based on the Research Self-Efficacy Scale (RSES) among…

The Pearson Test of English Academic (PTE-A), a widely used high-stakes language proficiency test for university admissions and migration purposes, underwent a notable change from a three-hour to a two-hour version in November 2021. The implementation of the new version has prompted inquiries into the washback effects on various stakeholders.…

This study examines the relationship between the general factor of personality (GFP) and moral hypocrisy, the mediating effect of moral disengagement, and the moderating effect of system justification. Six hundred and four Chinese college students (59.9% female, M[subscript age] = 22.58, SD = 1.81) completed questionnaires assessing their…

Given the lack of cultural consideration of studies on digital natives, this study reports on a large-scale validation of the Digital Native Assessment Scale (DNAS) among university students from three regions of Greater China: Chinese mainland, Macau, and Taiwan, to examine measurement invariance and latent mean differences in the four constructs…

This study examined whether the five scales of the MUSIC Model of Academic Motivation Inventory produced valid scores when used in university English language courses across four different countries. We surveyed 1,147 students in English language courses in Iran, Mexico, China, and Egypt and analyzed their responses by performing measurement…

As artificial intelligence (AI) permeates almost all aspects of our lives, university students need to acquire relevant knowledge, skills, and attitudes to adapt to the challenges it poses. This study reports the development and validation of a scale called the Artificial Intelligence Learning Intention Scale (AILIS). AILIS was designed to measure…

The rapid advancement of educational technologies worldwide and the ubiquitousness of technology-integrated teaching and learning have posed great challenges to teachers. Technology leadership is an emerging focus among educators, it involves using technologies to lead learners' knowledge, abilities, and values development. However, there are few…

Surveys are typical for student evaluation of teaching (SET). Survey research consistently confirms the negative impacts of careless responses on research validity, including low data quality and invalid research inferences. SET literature seldom addresses if careless responses are present and how to improve. To improve evaluation practices and…

As learners are able to perceive interactivity when interacting with instructors or peer learners in traditional learning environments, learners are similarly able to perceive interactivity when interacting with artificial intelligence (AI) in AI-supported learning environments. Advancements in AI, such as generative AI including ChatGPT and…

As one of the 21st-century skills, self-directed learning (SDL) has received widespread attention and has become an essential research topic in education. In this study, we examined the psychometric properties of the SDL scale (SDLS) (Lounsbury et al., 2009) with a sample of 408 Chinese undergraduates. Previous research on Chinese students has…

Collaborative learning (CL) is widely used in higher education around the world because it is associated with increases in students' knowledge and social skills. Low student engagement in CL activities has been identified as a common issue, while there is no CL-specific engagement scale to measure and understand engagement in such settings.…

In this research we attempt to empirically validate a model - using signalling theory - that explains important antecedents and consequences of students' attitude towards internationally accredited business schools. Using a quasi-experimental design, we collected data from undergraduate students of eight countries across four scenarios. The…