Previous studies have shown that social exclusion can have negative effects on the well-being of children and adolescents. However, there is inconsistent evidence regarding how the impact of social exclusion changes with age. This study used the Cyberball paradigm to investigate the effects of exclusion and subsequent inclusion on primary needs…

Engagement plays an important role in students' success in learning. While learner engagement has been widely examined, the degree to which learners engage in online learning and the relationship between online engagement and learning outcomes, particularly in the domain of second/foreign (L2) language learning, still remain under-explored. To…

Using the job demands-resources (JD-R) theory, this study aimed to understand how and when emotional leadership affected teachers' psychological well-being. It explored the mediating effect of emotional labour and the moderating effects of collectivism and two Confucian cultural values (i.e., harmony and obedience to authority). The sample…

Based on observations in 10 preschools in Taipei (Taiwan) in 1982, describes social-emotional behaviors for teacher-child interactions, display of emotions, self-esteem, responsibility, and peer interactions. These behaviors are compared to those seen in centers on the Chinese mainland, suggesting similarities and differences in educational and…