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Direct linkXiaopeng Zhang; Xiaofei Lu – Language Learning, 2024
This study examined the relationship of linguistic complexity, captured using a set of lexical richness, syntactic complexity, and discoursal complexity indices, to second language (L2) learners' perception of text difficulty, captured using L2 raters' comparative judgment on text comprehensibility and reading speed. Testing materials were 180…
Descriptors: Syntax, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Decision Making
Fengkai Liu; Yishi Jiang; Chun Lai; Tan Jin – Language Learning & Technology, 2024
Differentiated instruction is much demanded yet quite challenging in face of the growing student diversity in today's K-12 classrooms. One major challenge is the provision of differentiated materials to students. Automated text simplification (ATS) tools fueled by natural language processing may serve as a useful assistant for teachers. However,…
Descriptors: Automation, Individualized Instruction, Natural Language Processing, Technology Uses in Education
Download full textXu, Jia; Wei, Tingting; Lv, Pin – International Educational Data Mining Society, 2022
In an Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS), problem (or question) difficulty is one of the most critical parameters, directly impacting problem design, test paper organization, result analysis, and even the fairness guarantee. However, it is very difficult to evaluate the problem difficulty by organized pre-tests or by expertise, because these…
Descriptors: Prediction, Programming, Natural Language Processing, Databases
Li Qian; Sarimah Shamsudin; Zuraidah Mohd Don – SAGE Open, 2024
The pervasive use of synchronous computer-mediated communication (SCMC) in second language (L2) learning has generated increasing interest among researchers in integrating SCMC with task-based language teaching (TBLT). This study examined the effects of task complexity on Chinese EFL learners' language production in SCMC modality to develop…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Computer Mediated Communication, Synchronous Communication, Task Analysis
Liu, Yanmei; Zheng, Binghan – Interpreter and Translator Trainer, 2022
This study investigates the comparability of three parallel translation tasks selected from a College English Test Band-6 (CET-6) and explores the major linguistic features contributing to translation difficulty. Data obtained from the participants' subjective rating, eye-tracking, and performance evaluation were triangulated to measure the…
Descriptors: Language Tests, Translation, Difficulty Level, Language Processing
Yu, Xiaoli – International Journal of Language Testing, 2021
This study examined the development of text complexity for the past 25 years of reading comprehension passages in the National Matriculation English Test (NMET) in China. Text complexity of 206 reading passages at lexical, syntactic, and discourse levels has been measured longitudinally and compared across the years. The natural language…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Reading Tests, Difficulty Level, Natural Language Processing
