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Direct linkJinger Pan; Catherine McBride; Joyce Lok Yin Kwan; Hua Shu – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2025
While it has been shown that socioeconomic status (SES) is important for children's literacy development in their first language (L1), less is known about its association with reading in a second language (L2). The present study examined the different effects of SES on the acquisition of reading in Chinese as L1 and English as L2 from ages 7 to…
Descriptors: Native Language, Second Language Learning, Chinese, Socioeconomic Status
Download full textGorsuch, Greta – TESL-EJ, 2012
In the early heyday of ITA education, English as a second language (ESL) educators played a key role in defining three basic learning needs for ITAs: Language, teaching, and culture. Of this model, culture is the most broadly defined and least developed component. It was predicted by some, apparently on the basis of nationality, that ITAs would…
Descriptors: Teaching Styles, Initial Teaching Alphabet, Foreign Countries, Teaching Experience
