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Zheng, Chunping; Liang, Jyh-Chong; Tsai, Chin-Chung – Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 2017
Research on self-efficacy has been a productive field while limited studies have explored language learners' formation of academic self-efficacy. This quantitative study developed an instrument with two questionnaires for assessing English as a foreign language (EFL) learners' formation of self-efficacy and academic self-efficacy. It further…
Descriptors: Self Efficacy, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
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Salomo, Dorothe; Liszkowski, Ulf – Child Development, 2013
Daily activities of forty-eight 8- to 15-month-olds and their interlocutors were observed to test for the presence and frequency of triadic joint actions and deictic gestures across three different cultures: Yucatec-Mayans (Mexico), Dutch (Netherlands), and Shanghai-Chinese (China). The amount of joint action and deictic gestures to which infants…
Descriptors: Sociocultural Patterns, Nonverbal Communication, Infants, Cultural Differences