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Jiang Li; Chen Zhu; Mark Goh – Research Evaluation, 2025
Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a widely adopted non-parametric technique for evaluating R&D performance. However, traditional DEA models often struggle to provide reliable solutions in the presence of data uncertainty. To address this limitation, this study develops a novel robust super-efficiency DEA approach to evaluate R&D…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Research and Development, COVID-19, Pandemics
Wu, Wei – 1987
This account of efforts to reconstruct educational research in China, guided by Marxist principles and reflective of a national policy of building a "socialist spiritual civilization," presents the major requirements of that endeavor. Educational sciences are to be guided by four understandings: correct theories; realistic policies;…
Descriptors: Communism, Developing Nations, Educational Development, Educational Planning